Hepatoprotective

A study on antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Hylocereus undatus fruits against acetaminophen and ethanol induced hepatotoxicity was conducted in experimental rats. Two doses 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg, p.o. of the extract were subjected for the evaluation of hepatoprotective potential against acetaminophen (2g/kg) and ethanol (2ml/100g) induced liver injury. Silymarin (25mg/kg) was used as a standard drug. The parameters like SGPT, SGOT, ALP, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and endogenous enzymes were estimated to assess the liver functions. Both the lower (250mg/kg) and higher dose (500mg/kg) of Hylocereus undatus fruit extract showed dose dependent significant decrease in SGPT, SGOT, ALP, total bilirubin and direct bilirubin levels when compared with toxic control. Both the doses showed decrease in LPO and increase in GSH levels. The present study concluded that Hylocereus undatus fruit was found to be effective against hepatotoxicity induced by acetaminophen and ethanol. Further studies are needed to isolate and characterize the active principles and to find out the mechanism responsible for its hepatoprotective activity.

In present investigation the anticancer properties of Boerhaavia diffusa were studied. Carcinogenicity was induced by DEN i.e. nitrosamine (@ 200 µl/Kg body weight). In a single dose DEN challenged animals were given Boerhaavia diffusa extract (@200mg/Kg body weight) daily and named them as test group. For control group no DEN and no treatment was given. Negative control was given only DEN, to check its carcinogenicity with control and test group. After eight weeks the blood samples were collected to study the effect of carcinogen and plant extract of Boerhaavia diffusa. Various biochemical parameters like : Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione (GH), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Acid phosphatase (ACP), SGOT, SGPT, Triglycerides, Albumin, Catalase (CAT), Lipid per oxidation (MDA), Total proteins (TP), Globulin, Albumin-Globulin ration, Bilirubin, Creatinine, Total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, HDL/LDL ratio and body weight gain were studied. The results of the present study showed that there was a significant decrease in body weight gain among all the groups. Significant increase in SOD, MDA, GH, ALP, ACP, SGPT, SGOT etc. and CAT, TP, Albumin, Globulin, Total Cholesterol, HDL, Triglycerides were significantly decreased as compared with control group. The test group had shown significant hepato protective and anti carcinogenic activity against DEN. The biochemical changes were also supported by histopathological lesions. The present study concludes that plant extract of Boerhaavia diffusa have shown hepato protective and anti liver cancer activity.

Plants have been an important source for developing drugs since time immemorial. Various medicinal herbs are indigenous to the Indian subcontinent and Asparagus is one such plant. Asparagus racemosus Willd., more commonly known as Shatavari, has been traditionally used in many systems of medicine such as Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha. It has been used for decades as a galactogogue, uterine tonic, adaptogen, and rejuvenator. Also it has been used to mitigate symptoms of peptic ulcer, as an immunostimulant, hepatoprotective, and aphrodisiac. In addition, several other health benefits of this wonder plant, such as antidepressant, antiamnesic, antianxiety, hypolipidemic, antidiabetic, and anticonvulsant effects have been discovered in the recent years. In this article, an effort has been made to comprehensively enumerate all the health benefits of A. racemosus, known so far.

Silybum marianum (Milk thistle), a part of the Asteraceae family, is a tall herb with huge prickly white- veined green leaves as well as a reddish-purple flower that split ends in sharp spines. Many of the phytoconstituents were shown such as silybin A, silybin B, isosilybin A, isosilybin B, silychristin, silydianin, kaempferol, taxifolin and quercetin. The sylimarin microscopic characteristic with its morphological characteristic were also known. The plant is entirely used as anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective,  hypocholesterolaemic, anti-hypertensive, , anti-cancer, and as an anti-oxidant.. The plant is also serves as a galactagogue and used in the treatment of uterine disorders. These plant showing the synergistic effect with glyrrihizin and cancer drug. This review paper focuses mainly on phytochemistry and pharmacological activities as well as dosage regimen and its pharmacokinetics of the well-known plant milk thistle.

Liver harm is most vital health issues or so a lot of than 900 medicines involved in case of liver injury. World health organization estimate that eightieth of total population used herbal drugs for some characteristic of primary health care while not any facet effects. Herbal medicine has emerged as a skilled approach with sensible values in handling various diseases, developing an affordable phytotherapy to treat severe liver diseases needs economical exploration of properties like antiviral action, antihepatotoxicity, stimulation of liver regeneration besides choleretic activity. The search used

Liver plays a major role in detoxification. Any injury to it or impairment of its function may lead to many implications on one’s health. Management of liver diseases is still a challenge to modern medicine. The allopathic medicine has little to offer for the alleviation of hepatic ailments whereas the most important representatives are of phytoconstituents. The work presented in this paper is on plant Limnanthemum indicum which is reported that the whole plant is traditionally used as hepatoprotective. The study was aimed at evaluation of the hepatoprotective activity of the whole plant of Limnanthemum indicum on the BRL3A (Rat, Liver cell line) cell line. The various solvent extracts were tested for its inhibitory effect on BRL3A (Rat, Liver cell line) cell line. The percentage viability of the cell line was carried out. The cytotoxicity of Limnanthemum indicum on rat liver cell was evaluated by the MTT assay [(3-(4,5 dimethylthiazole –2 yl)-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay]. The principle involved is the cleavage of tetrazolium salt MTT into a blue coloured derivative by living cells which contains mitochondrial enzyme succinate dehydrogenase However, the information available on the pharmacological activity of the plant is very limited. Hence, it was proposed to carry out a preliminary in vitro analysis of the hepato protective activity of the plant. Out of the various extracts evaluated, ethanolic extract of Limnanthemum indicum gave promising results.

The hepatoprotective effects of Methanolic Extract of Justicia Beddomei (MEJB)on Isoniazid and Rifampicin (INH and RIF) induced hepatotoxicity and the probable mechanism(s) involved in this protection were investigated in rats. Male wistar rats were divided in to five groups and used for the study. Hepatotoxicity was induced in animal models and was compared with the protective effect of standard drug Silymarin. In the present study it was noted that the administration of INH, Rifampicin decreased the level of total protein, albumin and increased the level of liver enzymes AST, ALT, ALP and TC. These parameters were brought back to the near normal level in control group treated with MEJB. The histopathological studies also revealed that treatment with Methanolic Extract of Justicia Beddomei (MEJB) showed a protection against injuries due to the effect of INH, Rifampicin. These results suggets that MEJB showed significant hepatoprotective activity against Isoniazid and Rifampicin induced hepatotoxicity and this might be due to the presence of flavanoids and phenolics. Further research is sought to explore the mechanism of action and phytoconstituents responsible for the pharmacological action.

Objective of the present investigation is to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of combine form of Phylanthus Niruli herbs and Solanum nigrum stem bark extracts against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity. Materials and methods: Hepatotoxicity was induced in male Wistar rats by oral solution of paracetamol (500mg/kg for 7 days). Aqueous extracts of combine form of Phylanthus Niruli herbs and Solanum nigrum stem bark were administered to the experimental rats (300 mg/kg/day, p.o. for 7 days). The hepatoprotective effect of these extracts was evaluated by the assay of liver function biochemical parameters (% of body weight changes, total bilirubin count, total protein, total cholesterol, HDL, SGPT and SGOT level) and histopathological studies of the liver. Results: In Aqueous extracts of combine form of Phylanthus Niruli herbs and Solanum nigrum stem bark extract-treated animals, the toxic effect of paracetamol  was controlled significantly by restoration of the levels of serum bilirubin, protein and enzymes as compared to the normal and the standard drug silymarin-treated groups. Histology of the liver sections of the animals treated with the extracts showed the presence of normal hepatic cords, absence of necrosis and fatty infiltration, which further evidenced the hepatoprotective activity. Conclusion: Aqueous extracts of combine form of Phylanthus Niruli herbs and Solanum nigrum stem bark possesses significant hepatoprotective activity. Key words: Hepatoprotective, SGPT, SGOT, HDL, Solanum nigrum, Phylanthus Niruli

  Natural remedies from medicinal plants are considered to be effective and safe alternative treatment for liver toxicity. Our aim was to demonstrate the hepatoprotective effect of petroleum ether, methanol and aqueous extracts of Cassia tora seed with a view to explore its use for the treatment of hepatotoxicity in human. These extracts were used to study the hepatoprotective effect in paracetamol induced hepatotoxic model. In aqueous and methanol extracts treated groups there was statistical significant decrease in the levels of serum bilirubin, serum glutamate oxaloacetate transminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transminase (SGPT) and serum alkaline phosphatase (SALP) as compared to the hepatotoxic group. In the histopathological study the hepatotoxic group showed hepatocytic necrosis and inflammation in the centrilobular region with portal triaditis. Aqueous and methanol extracts treated groups showed minimal inflammation with moderate portal triaditis and their lobular architecture was normal. It can be concluded that the aqueous and methanolic extracts of Cassia tora seed were not able to revert completely hepatic injury induced by paracetamol, but it could limit the effect of these drug in liver. The effects of extracts were comparable with standard drug silymarin. Keywords: Hepatoprotective, cassia tora seed, paracetamol.

  Liver plays a major role in detoxification. Any injury to it or impairment of its function may lead to many implications on one’s health. Management of liver diseases is still a challenge to modern medicine. The allopathic medicine has little to offer for the alleviation of hepatic ailments whereas the most important representatives are of phytoconstituents. The work presented in this paper is on plant mentioned as Kayakarpam plants in published as well as unpublished palm leaf literatures. The study was aimed to evaluation of the hepatoprotective activity of the whole plant Sida cordata on the Chang cell line (normal human liver cells). The ethanolic extract was tested for its inhibitory effect on chang cell Line. The percentage viability of the cell line was carried out. The cytotoxicity of Sida cordata on normal human liver cell was evaluated by the SRB assay [Sulphorhodamine B assay] and MTT assay [(3-(4, 5 dimethylthiazole –2 yl)-2, 5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay]. The principle involved is the cleavage of tetrazolium salt MTT into a blue coloured derivative by living cells which contains mitochondrial enzyme succinate dehydrogenase However, the information available on the pharmacological activity of the plant is very limited. Hence, it was proposed to carry out a preliminary in vitro analysis of the hepato protective activity of the plant, which gave promising results.