DPPH

The In-vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of the leaf extract of Putranjiva roxburghii were studied along with preliminary phytochemical investigation. The leaf of the plant contains mainly anthracene, cardiac and flavonoid glycosides along with phenolic compounds. Since many flavonoids have remarkable anti inflammatory activity the present work aims at evaluating the anti inflammatory activity of Putranjiva roxburghii by HRBC membrane stabilization. The ethanolic extract of the leaf was anlysed for antioxidant activity by DPPH method at different concentrations. Throughout the studies leaf extract showed potent antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity was found to be concentration dependent and may be attributed to the presence of high flavonoid content in the leaves of Putranjiva roxburghii Key Words: Anti oxidant activity, Anti-inflammatory, Putranjiva roxburghii, HRBC Membrane stabilization, DPPH

Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. (Family -Nymphaeaceae) commonly known as Indian lotus. Also known as the sacred lotus has been used in the indigenous system of medicine. Phytochemical constituents, free radical scavenging activity and total antioxidant activity of various extracts of Nelumbo nucifera flowers were carried out in the study. Phytochemicals were extracted from Nelumbo nucifera flowers using various solvents such as aqueous, benzene, chloroform, ethanol, ethyl acetate and methanol and petroleum ether. Screening of phytochemicals showed positive results for the presence of flavanoids, alkaloids, phenols, glycosides, carbohydrates and tannins. Phytochemicals were best extracted in methanol. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was measured in terms of reducing power and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity. The methanolic extract was found to possess comparatively higher antioxidant properties. So, the present data suggests that methanolic extract of lotus flower constitute significant amounts of phytochemical compounds and are good source of antioxidants.

The present study was to evaluate antioxidant activity of ethanolic and aqueous extract of Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn. fruit for their therapeutic potential. In vitro antioxidant activity was performed by 1, 1- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). For aqueous extract the scavenging activity of DPPH is 59.7% at the concentration of 200 µg/ml and the activity of H2O2 is 20.5% at concentration of 1000 µg/ml. For ethanolic extract The scavenging activity of DPPH is 77.4% at the concentration of 250 µg/ml and the activity of H2O2 is 21.3% at concentration of 1000 µg/ml. The method is compared to standard (ascorbic acid). Presence of phytochemicals like carbohydrates, proteins and amino acids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds might contribute to observed antioxidant activity. Benincasa hispida fruits are potential source of natural antioxidant compounds to replace synthetic antioxidants.

The present study was investigated the antioxidant activities of the various extracts of Aegle Marmelos (AM) belongs to family Rutaceae. The antioxidant activities of extracts have been evaluated by using a range of in vitro assays and in vivo hepatoprotective model. In vitro Antioxidant activity was evaluated by percentage inhibition in different assays  including  2, 2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radical scavenging assay hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging assays, reducing power capacity. The extract exhibited potent antioxidant activity compared to known antioxidant. The extracts of A.Marmelos were tested for in vivo efficacy by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver damage rats in hepatoprotective model. The in vitro antioxidant activities of extracts showed significant activities on reducing power, DPPH, hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide nearer to control group based on IC50 values. Oral administration of various extracts of A.Marmelos resulted in significant improvement on the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalse (CAT) in liver homogenate & Significant increase in level of MDA which was intoxicated by CCl4. CCl4 produced significant alteration of serum marker enzymes, total bilirubin, total protein and liver weight. The extracts significantly restored of these values towards normal compared to control group. Due to its natural origin and potent free radical scavenging ability A.Marmelos could be used as a potential preventive intervention for free radical mediated diseases. Key words: DPPH, SOD, CAT, MDA, In Vivo & In Vitro Antioxidant assays

The aerial parts of plant contain a number of medicinally important compounds. The present study was carried out to extract the flavonoid rich fraction from the aerial parts of Hemidesmus indicus Linn. R. Br. and identified the phytochemicals presents in the flavonoid rich fraction of aerial parts of Hemidesmus indicus Linn. R. Br. & determined the total flavonoid contents and antioxidant potential of obtained favonoid rich fraction of Hemidesmus indicus Linn. R. Br. Total flavonoid content was estimated by Aluminium Chloride colorimetric method and the flavonoid content was 0.406 % TFC (Total Flavonoids Contents) in grams of Quercetin equivalent. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH method and IC50 value of flavonoid rich fraction of aerial parts of Hemidesmus indicus Linn. was found to be 21.39 µg/ml. Key words: Total flavonoids, Aluminium chloride, Antioxidant activity, DPPH, IC50 value.

  A novel series of 2-substituted 4,5-diphenyl imidazoles were synthesized and investigated for their antioxidant activity and membrane stabilization activity. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical assay was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant potential of the extract. The antioxidant activity of the synthesized compounds increased in a concentration dependent manner. In DPPH radical scavenging assay the IC50 value of the compounds ranged from 40 to 200µg/ml. The membrane stabilization activity of the compounds was evaluated using human red blood cells (HRBC) membrane stabilization method. The concentration of 88.88 to 444.44µg/ml showed a dose dependent inhibition of haemolysis of erythrocytes induced by hypotonic solution. Key words: DPPH, antioxidant, membrane stabilization

  The objective of the study was to investigate the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of aqueous extract of Ocimum sanctum leaf. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated using in vitro Ferric reducing power, Free radical scavenging activity by DPPH  method, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, Nitric oxide radical scavenging activity, Hyaluronidase inhibition assay. The effect was compared with a known antioxidant agent (BHA/Ascorbic acid). It was found that the extract at different concentration exhibited significant dose dependent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect Key words: Ocimum sanctum, Free radical, DPPH, Hyaluronidase inhibition

The aim of present study was to estimate the in vitro antioxidant activity of alcoholic extract of Cucumis callosus (Rottl.) Cogn (Cucurbitaceae) seeds which is commonly known as “Kachri” in Rajasthan (India) evaluated by using DPPH radical scavenging activity and hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging activity assay. The antioxidant activity was compared with ascorbic acid as standard. The IC50 values of Cucumis callosus and ascorbic acid were found 41.99 μg/ml and 24.27 μg/ml respectively for the DPPH radical scavenging activity while 95.27 μg/ml and 153.35 μg/ml respectively for hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging activity. Thus, alcoholic extract of Cucumis callosus seeds possess potent antioxidant activity in hydrogen peroxide model and may be useful for preparation of neutraceuticals as potent antioxidant to treat various human diseases. Key words: Cucumis callosus, Seeds, Antioxidant, Free radical scavenging, DPPH  

In present investigation, methanolic extract of different marketed Aegle marmelos formulations (F1, F2, F3, and F4) screened for determination of total phenolic and flavanoid contents.  Highest phenolic (6.145 ± 0.05 mg/kg) and flavonoid (8.134 ± 0.044 mg/kg) contents were noticed in formulation F4. Free radical scavenging activity of all the studied formulations were evaluated by using DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl) method. Whereas, each formulation showed good scavenging of DPPH radical with IC50 values (F1-2.185, F2-2.216, F3-2.243 and F4-2.143 µg/ml), and is comparable to standard compounds (BHT, ascorbic acid and rutin). Key-Words: Aegle marmelos, Total phenolic contents, Total flavanoid contents, DPPH  

  Oxidative stress caused by free radicals is associated to various diseases. Modern research is directed towards finding naturally-occurring antioxidants of plant origin. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activities of punica granatum rind extracts of ganesh variety. The present investigation was to examine the free radical scavenging activity of various extracts of punica granatum rind by different in-vitro methods. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH assay, FRAP assay, Hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging activity, Nitric oxide radical scavenging activity. The methanolic extract of punica granatum rind was found to more effective in the radical scavenging activity. All the above invitro studies clearly indicate that the methanolic extract of punica granatum rind has a significant antioxidant activity. These invitro assays indicate that this rind extracts is a better source of natural antioxidant, which might be helpful in preventing the progress of various oxidative stresses and also support the ethnomedical use of this rind to promote good health for humans.