Sanjay

A simple, rapid, precise, and economical spectrophotometric method has been developed for quantitative analysis of Rilpivirine hydrochloride (RILH) in manufactured tablet formulations. The initial stock solution of RILH was prepared in dimethyl formamide: acetonitrile solvent and subsequent dilution were done in acetonitrile. The standard solution of RILH in acetonitrile showed absorption maxima at 281.6 nm. The drug obeyed Beer–Lambert’s law in the concentration range of 1–16 μg/mL with coefficient of correlation (R2) was 0.9999. It showed coefficient of variation below 2 % in intra-run and inter-run precision.  The results of analysis have been validated as per ICH guidelines. The method can be adopted in routine analysis of RILH in bulk and tablet dosage form and it involves relatively low cost solvents and no complex extraction techniques.

Salvadora persica L. (family- Salvadoraceae) is an evergreen small tree commonly known as Pilu, Jal and toothbrush tree. It is used in the treatment of pain, low fever, toothache, nose trouble, piles, scabies, inflammation, scurvy, gonorrhoea, chest disease and boils.  The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antinociceptive activity of the successive extracts (chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol and aqueous extracts) of powdered leaves of Salvadora persica L. at the dose of 500 mg/kg b. w. using eddy’s hot plate method. The results of the statistical analysis showed that chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts have significant antinociceptive activity. From the results of antinociceptive effects it can be concluded that the chloroform extract of the powdered leaves of Salvadora persica has shown significant activity (P < 0.05) at 30 min and significant activity (P < 0.01) at 60 and 120 minutes. The ethyl acetate extract has shown significant activity (P < 0.01) at 30, 60 and 120 minutes when compared to the control group. While the standard drug (Morphine Sulphate) shown significant activity (P < 0.01) at 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes. Other successive extracts (ethanol and aqueous extracts) could not produce the significance of the difference from the control as antinociceptives. Hence present investigation reveals the antinociceptive activity of chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts of leaves of Salvadora persica L Key Words: Salvadora persica L. antinociceptive activity, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts

  The purpose of this research work was to develop and evaluate matrix-type transdermal therapeutic system containing Losartan potassium (LP) with different ratios of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymeric combinations. Formulations were prepared by using solvent evaporation technique. Matrix type transdermal film of Losartan Potassium, antihypertensive drug were prepared using different polymers like Ethyl Cellulose, Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose and Eudragit RL100 in varied ratios. The present study aims to formulate and evaluate Transdermal film for sustained release of Losartan potassium. The results suggested no physicochemical incompatibility between the drug and the polymers. All formulations carried dimethyl sulfoxide as penetration enhancer and propylene glycol as plasticizer in chloroform and ethanol as solvent system. The diffusion studies were performed by using modified Franz diffusion cells. The formulation, F1 with combination of polymers (4:1) emerging to be ideal formulations for Losartan potassium. The developed transdermal films increase the efficacy of for the therapy of hypertension, chronic stable angina pectoris, and Prinzmetal's variant angina. Physicochemical parameters were characterized. The permeability study indicates that the drug is suitable for Transdermal drug delivery. The film were evaluated for various parameters like Thickness, Water-Vapour permeability, Tensile Strength, moisture loss, moisture uptake, film folding endurance , Drug Content, flatness, surface pH, swellability, % elongation, skin irritation and Diffusion studies. The films were further evaluated by DSC to ensure uniform distribution of the drug and compatibility of drug with polymer. The Optimized formulation containing HPMC: Eudragit RL100 (4:1), with enhancer DMSO showed 87.13% drug release after 24 hours.

  Isatin is an important class of heterocyclic compounds. Recently, heterocyclic compounds analogues and their derivatives have attracted strong interest in medicinal chemistry due to their biological and pharmacological properties. The small and simple isatin nucleus possesses numerous biological properties like -antitumor, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, antiviral, anti HIV, antioxidant, CNS depressant activities. These activities are also possessed by its substituted derivatives as well. The present review outlines some commonly used procedures to synthesize the isatin moiety and its derivatives, with different biological activities.

During present laboratory experiment, comparative analysis of three dominant edible and medicinal macro fungal species viz., Laccaria lacata, Lycoperdon pyriforme and Ramaria botrytis with reference to protein, carbohydrate and fat was done. The biochemical analysis revealed that the studied macro fungi contained 25.71, 38.0, 13.55% protein, 58.5, 49.88, 72.88% carbohydrate and 3.3, 9.6, 4.22% fat respectively. Besides this, the studied mycotaxon have promising moisture, dry matter, ash and crude fibers contents. In addition, pH of individual fungal species was determined in order to verify their edibility test. Thus, this study proves that aforesaid macro fungi can be used in well balanced diets due to their nutritional value.

The aim of present study was to estimate the in vitro antioxidant activity of alcoholic extract of Cucumis callosus (Rottl.) Cogn (Cucurbitaceae) seeds which is commonly known as “Kachri” in Rajasthan (India) evaluated by using DPPH radical scavenging activity and hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging activity assay. The antioxidant activity was compared with ascorbic acid as standard. The IC50 values of Cucumis callosus and ascorbic acid were found 41.99 μg/ml and 24.27 μg/ml respectively for the DPPH radical scavenging activity while 95.27 μg/ml and 153.35 μg/ml respectively for hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging activity. Thus, alcoholic extract of Cucumis callosus seeds possess potent antioxidant activity in hydrogen peroxide model and may be useful for preparation of neutraceuticals as potent antioxidant to treat various human diseases. Key words: Cucumis callosus, Seeds, Antioxidant, Free radical scavenging, DPPH  

Development and validation of an analytical UV derivatives spectrophotometric method to quantify carbimazole as a single active principle in pharmaceutical formulation were done. Based on the spectrophotometric characteristics of carbimazole, a signal of first (314 nm), second (300 nm), third (289 nm), fourth (320 nm) order derivative spectrum was found to be adequate for quantification. The method obeyed Beer's law in the concentration range of (2-18 µg/ml) with square correlation coefficient (r2 = 0.999). The mean percentage recovery was found to be 99.56 ± 0.7179. As per ICH guidelines the results of the analysis were validated in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection and limit of quantification, and were found to be satisfactory. Key Words: Carbimazole, Derivative spectrophotometry, ICH, Validation.

At current 40% of the drugs were poorly soluble and were also called as “brick dust”. And the drugs which were belonging to the BCS CLASS II & IV were most eligible for this Nanosuspension technology. Here by using different methods we are reducing the particle size so the surface area will be increases ultimately it leads to increase in the bio availability. This instance was observed mostly in the case of anti-cancer drugs. Paclitaxel with 25% of Human Serum Albumin (HSA) showed very good results in terms of drug content, particle size, zeta potential and %CDR. Key words: Nanosuspension, Paclitaxel, Human Serum Albumin (HSA), High pressure homogenization.

  The plant “Jussiaea hyssopifolia” has great medicinal value and reported as astringent, carminative, laxative, diuretic and anthelmintic properties. In the present investigation, different parameters are applied for the physico-chemical studies include evaluation of colour, consistency of different extracts, extractive value, ash value, moisture content, fluorescence analysis and also qualitative phytochemial screening was performed. Thus, present study revealed the plant extract contain different chemical constituents like alkaloid, phenolic compound, saponin, flavonoid, proteins & amino acids. Phytoconstituents in different extracts could be useful in setting some diagnostic indices for the identification and preparation of plant monographs. Hence objective of present investigation was planned to find out the quality level of different extract & powder drug of Jussiaea hyssopifolia in physicochemical studies. Key Words: Jussiaea hyssopifolia, Powdered drug & Extract, Phytochemial screening, Fluorescence analysis.

  The aim of this study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of test and reference losartan potassium 50 mg formulations in healthy volunteers. This open label, balanced, single-dose, randomized, 2-period, crossover oral bioequivalence study was conducted in 54 healthy human adult subjects under fasting condition. Subjects received losartan 50 mg of either test or reference formulation with a washout period of 7 days. After study drug administration, serial blood samples were collected over a period of 48 hours. The plasma concentrations of losartan and its active metabolite were determined by a validated method using LC/MS/MS. Pharmacokinetic parameters Cmax, Tmax, t1/2, AUC0-t, AUC 0-∞, and kel, were determined for both the  formulations. The formulations were to be considered bioequivalent if the log-transformed ratios of Cmax, AUC0-t, and AUC0-∞ were within the predetermined bioequivalence range of 80% to 125%. A total of 54 subjects were enrolled. No significant differences were found based on analysis of variance.  The mean values and 90% confidence intervals (CI) of test/reference ratios for these parameters of losartan as follows: Cmax 274.90 Vs 286.93 ng/mL (83.95 -113.69); AUC0-t 434.67 Vs 438.68 ng.hr/mL (93.30 -104.03); and AUC0-∞ 463.23 Vs 464.71 ng.hr/mL (94.65 -104.80) and for its active metabolite (losartan carboxylic acid) the mean values and 90% CI of test/reference ratios for these parameters  as follows: Cmax 572.63 Vs 543.82 ng/mL (96.87-109.37); AUC0-t 3987.89 Vs 4051.07 ng.hr/mL (93.48-104.22); and AUC0-∞ 4215.58 Vs 4271.67 ng.hr/mL (94.84-105.26). This study shows that the test formulation is bioequivalent to the reference formulation for losartan and its main active metabolite.   Key Words: Bioequivalence, Losartan, losartan carboxylic acid, Pharmacokinetics.