Ofloxacin

Cefixime Trihydrate is an antibiotic third generation cephalosporin. Cefixime Trihydrate is highly stable in the presence of β-lactamase enzymes. Cefixime Trihydrate is an effective treatment to stop the spread of several bacterial infections. Ofloxacin belongs to fluoroquinolones group of antimicrobials. Ofloxacin used to treat pneumonia and bronchitis caused by H.influenza. It is also used in treatment of skin infections caused by staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pyrogens bacteria. It is mainly absorbed in stomach. Its PKa is 2.5 and 5.45 individually; therefore it remains unionized in stomach and maximum absorption take place from stomach only. Gastroretentive Floating tablets were formulated using HPMC K100M as polymer, Citric acid and Sodium Bicarbonate as Gas generating agent, Lactose as diluent and Magnesium stearate as Lubricant. The prepared tablets were evaluated for number of parameters like Weight Variation, Hardness, Friability, Drug Content, in vitro buoyancy studies, Swelling index, % Drug release Drug release kinetic, Anti bacterial study, Stability study. The best release for Gastroretentive floating tablet was shown by F19exhibited less floating lag time, highest floating time. Also Formulation F19 was given above 96% drug release after 12hr and above 97% drug content. In FTIR, drug to polymer interaction was not found and formulation F19 was found to be stable.

A simple, rapid, sensitive reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed and validated for simultaneous estimation of ofloxacin and ornidazole, at single wavelength of 343nm.chromotographic separation was performed on an enable aligent zorabax(thermo) column(250nmx4.6mm ID particle size 5 um) and a  mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and buffer (600:4300v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0ml/min. the calibration curve was linear(r2≥0.0999) over the concentration range. 400-1200μg/mL of ofloxacin and 1000-3000μg/mL of ornidazole. the limit of detection 0.00246µg/ml  for ofloxacin  0.00508µg/ml for ornidazole and no interference was found by the excipients in the synthetic mixture. The proposed methods were validated for international conference on harmonization guideline for linearity, accuracy, precision, and robustness for estimation of ofloxacin and ornidazole in bulk and synthetic mixture, and The results were found to be satisfactory

Hydrotropicsolvents may proper choice to preclude the use of organic solvents so that, a simple, accurate, novel, safe and precise method could developed for estimation of poorly water soluble drug,. Solubility of ofloxacin is increased by using 8M urea as a hydrotropic agent. Ofloxacin showed the maximum absorbance at 288 nm in method A, 284-292 nm in method B and 316nm in method C. At these wavelengths, hydrotropic agent and other tablet excipients did not show any significant interference in the spectrophotometric assay. The developed methods were found to be linear in the range of 3-15 µg/ml for method A, 1.5-7.5 µg/ml for method B&C with correlation coefficients (R) of 0.999, 0.996 and 0.992 respectively. The mean percent label claim of tablets of ofloxacin in formulation estimated by the proposed methods was found to be97.52%. The developed methods were validated according to ICH guidelines and values of accuracy, precision and other statistical parameters were found to be good accordance with the prescribe values. As hydrotropic agent was used in the proposed methods, these methods were eco-friendly and it can be used in routine quantitative analysis of drug in bulk and dosage form in industries.

A simple, sensitive, precise, accurate and economic Q-absorption ratio method for the quantitative determination of betamethasone sodium phosphate and ofloxacin in bulk and combined dosage form has been developed and validated. Q absorption ratio method uses the ratio of absorbances at two selected wavelengths, one which is iso-absorptive point and other being the λ-max of one of the two components. Betamethasone sodium phosphate and ofloxacin shows an iso-absorptive point at 247nm in methanol, the second wavelength used was 289nm, which is λ-max of ofloxacin. The linearity was obtained in the concentration range of 2-12 ug/ml for both the drugs in distilled water. The proposed method is recommended for routine analysis. The results of analysis have been validated statistically and by recovery studies.

The purpose of the present study was to develop an optimized gastric floating once-daily matrix tablet of ofloxacin (FERMTs) using  hydrophilic polymers such as HPMC K4M, HPMC 100M, isapagulha husk and sodium bicarbonate as buoyancy contributer. The formulation of FERMTs were designed by 23full factorial design taking amount of HPMC K4M, HPMC 100M and sodium bicarbonate as formulation variables and prepared by wet granulation method. The FERMTs were then evaluated for hardness, friability, weight variation, content uniformity, in vitro drug release and floating capacity. Finally, the floating lag time (FLT) and cumulative % drug release at 4h, 8h, 12h and 16h were taken as response variables and the FERMT formulation was numerically optimized by 23full factorial design using Design-Expert software (version 8.1). The optimized formula showed excellent floating efficiency over a 16 h period with FLT of 2.80 mins and drug release over a period of 16 hour. Analysis of dissolution data showed that the kinetic of drug release followed Korsemeyer-peppas model.

The objective of the present study was to prepare in situ hydrogel for controlled release of ofloxacin using various polymers such as Poloxamer P407, Sodium Alginate and Polyox. In situ were characterized for the Appearance, pH determination, In vitro Gelation studies and viscosity, Rheological studies, Drug Content, In vitro Drug release study, Sterility testing. Drug-excipient compatibility was determined by FTIR. Infrared spectroscopy studies of Ofloxacin, Polyox, Sodium alginate, Poloxamer and HPMC K4M alone and their physical mixture revealed that, Ofloxacin is compatible with all the polymers used. The clarity of the prepared formulations was found satisfactory. The pH of all formulations was found to be satisfactory in the range. The drug content of the prepared formulation was within the acceptable range, and ensures dose uniformity. The curve fitting data revealed that the release followed zero order kinetics.

A simple reverse phase liquid chromatographic method has been developed and subsequently validated for simultaneous determination of Ofloxacin and Ornidazole in infusion dosage form. The separation was carried out using a mobile phase containing methanol and buffer (equal proportion of 0.01M orthophosphoric acid and 0.01M sodium phosphate monobasic dihydrate) with pH 4.00 adjusted by 20% of triethylamine in the ratio of 60:40 v/v. The column used was HiQ Sil C18 (150 mm x 4.6 mm i.d, 5 µ) with flow rate of 1 mL / min using UV detection at 300 nm. The described method was linear over a concentration range of 1.25-10 µg/mL (r2>0.9991) for Ofloxacin and 3.12-25 µg/mL (r2>0.9992) for Ornidazole. Separation was achieved within 5 min. The mean % recovery was found to be 99.94% for Ofloxacin and 100.27 % for Ornidazole. The limit of detection (LOD) for Ofloxacin and Ornidazole were found to be 0.146 and 0.25 µg/mL respectively. Whereas the limit of quantification (LOQ) for Ofloxacin and Ornidazole was 0.44 and 0.77 µg/mL respectively. The results of the study showed that the proposed RP-HPLC method is simple, rapid, precise, accurate and cost effective which is useful for the routine determination of Ofloxacin and Ornidazole in bulk drug and in its infusion.

The present manuscript describe simple, sensitive, rapid, accurate, precise and economical Q-absorbance ratio method for the simultaneous determination of Cefpodoxime proxetil and ofloxacin in combined tablet dosage form. Absorbance ratio method uses the ratio of absorbances at two selected wavelengths, one which is an isoabsorptive point and other being the λ-max of one of the two components. Cefpodoxime proxetil and ofloxacin show an isoabsorptive point at 272 nm in methanol. The second wavelength used is 236 nm, which is the λ-max of Cefpodoxime proxetil in methanol. The linearity was obtained in the concentration range of 5-17 μg/ml for both Cefpodoxime proxetil and Ofloxacin. The concentrations of the drugs were determined by using ratio of absorbances at isoabsorptive point and at the λ-max of ofloxacin. The method was successfully applied to pharmaceutical dosage form because no interference from the tablet excipients was found. The results of analysis have been validated statistically and by recovery studies. Key Words: Cefpodoxime proxetil, Ofloxacin, Absorption ratio method Tablets, Validation.  

  The present manuscript describe simple, sensitive, rapid, accurate, precise and economical spectrophotometric method for the simultaneous determination of Ofloxacin and Cefpodoxime proxetil in combined tablet dosage form. The method is based on the simultaneous equations for analysis of both the drugs using methanol as solvent. Ofloxacin has absorbance maxima at 297 nm and cefpodoxime proxetil has absorbance maxima at 236.2 nm in methanol. The linearity was obtained in the concentration range of 2-12 μg/ml and 4-24 μg/ml for Ofloxacin and Cefpodoxime proxetil, respectively. The concentrations of the drugs were determined by using simultaneous equations at both the wavelengths. The mean recovery was 99.63 ± 0.47 and 99.57 ± 0.36 for Ofloxacin and Cefpodoxime proxetil, respectively. The method was successfully applied to pharmaceutical dosage form because no interference from the tablet excipients was found. The suitability of this method for the quantitative determination of Ofloxacin and Cefpodoxime proxetil was proved by validation. The proposed method was found to be simple and sensitive for the routine quality control application of Ofloxacin and Cefpodoxime proxetil in pharmaceutical tablet dosage form. The results of analysis have been validated statistically and by recovery studies.   Key words: Cefpodoxime proxetil, Ofloxacin, recovery, simultaneous equations method, tablet, validation.