Snehalatha

A simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of albendazole and levamisole hydrochloride in pharmaceutical dosage forms has been developed. The absorption maxima were found at 295nm for albendazole and 213 nm for levamisole hydrochloride using ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: methanol as solvent. Beer's law was obeyed for both the drugs in the concentration range of 5-25 for albendazole with correlation coefficient 0.998 and 2-10 for levamisole hydrochloride with correlation coefficient 0.997. The limits of detection for albendazole and levamisole hydrochloride were found to be 0.305µg/mL and 0.732µg/mL respectively and the limits of quantitation were 0.924µg/mL and 2.2µg/mL respectively. Accuracy of the method verified by performing recovery using simultaneous equation method and found to be 98 to 99.5%w/w for albendazole and 97.97 to 99.55 %w/w for levamisole hydrochloride. %RSD of repeatability and intermediate precision studies were found to be

Tramadol Hydrochloride is an opioid pain medication which is used to treat moderate to moderately severe pain. Various analytical methods used for the estimation of Tramadol hydrochloride has been reviewed in this paper. These include Ultraviolet spectrophotometry, Visible spectrometry, Spectrofluorimetry, High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography, Gas Chromatography- mass spectrometry, Cyclic Voltammetry, Liquid Chromatography-Electronspray ionization-mass spectrometry, Gas Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography- mass spectrometry, and Capillary Electrophoresis to determine the amount of Tramadol Hydrochloride in bulk drug, pharmaceutical dosage form and biological fluids. Stability indicating methods for Tramadol Hydrochloride are also described. These analytical methods can be used for qualitative and quantitative estimation of Tramadol Hydrochloride in bulk, formulation and biological fluids.

The goal of the present investigation was to formulate and evaluate chitosan and Eudragit Nanoparticles of Stavudine for antiviral therapy. Nanoparticles of Stavudine were prepared using chitosan, Eudragit S 100, liquid paraffin and Tween-20 using Emulsion droplet coalescence method. The concentration of the polymers Chitosan and Eudragit S 100 were selected based on the results on preliminary screening. The nanoparticles prepared were evaluated for morphology, loading efficiency and in-vitro release. The particle shape and morphology of the prepared Stavudine nanoparticles were determined by SEM analysis. The amount of Stavudine entrapment in the nanoparticles was calculated by the difference between the total amount of drug added to the nanoparticle and the amount of non-entrapped drug remaining in the aqueous supernatant. A Franz diffusion cell was used to monitor Stavudine release from the nanoparticles. The formulations CF1, CF2, EF2 and EF3 showed good drug release from the polymer. The percentage cumulative drug release after 12 hours was 75.54, 75.89, 78.86 and 76.42% respectively. However about 15% initial burst release was found at 1 hour in all formulations. EF2 released 78.86% of Stavudine 12 hours with a burst drug release nearly 14.86% of drug within the initial 1 hour. Formulations 4 out of 8showed good drug release from the polymer, the percentage cumulative drug release after 12 hours were in the range of 72-78 %. Among the four formulations EF 2 (1% Chitosan & 1.5 % EudragitS 100) showed maximum drug release in 12 hours diffusion study and good entrapment efficiency. In-vitro antiviral study revealed thatthe formulated nanoparticles were found to have good viral activity on viral cells in sustained manner.

The purpose of this research was to develop mouth dissolve tablets ofdomperidone andpantoprazole, were prepared by direct compression technique. Pantoprazole inhabits gastric acid formation and thereby it is very efficient for the treatment of gastric and duodenum ulcers. Domperidone, an antiemetic drug, has been used as an add-on treatment in adults and children. The tablets were prepared using microcrystalline cellulose as diluent and  aspartames as sweetening agent along with three different levels of disintegrant. The superdisintegrant used in this study were CCS and SSG. The tablets were evaluated for weight variation, hardness, friability, wetting time, water absorption ratio, disintegration time (DT) and dissolution study. formulation prepared with 30% of CCS showed Disintegration time of 20seconds in vitro. Also the hardness, friability, dissolution rate of prepared tablets (batch F6) were found to be acceptable according to standard limits.

For the past few decades, there has been a considerable research interest in the area of drug delivery using particulate delivery systems as carriers for small and large molecules. Particulate systems like nanoparticles have been used as a physical approach to alter and improve the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of various types of drug molecules.  Nanoparticles promise to revolutionize medicine and increasingly used in drug delivery. The purpose of this review is to explore the design, development of nanotechnology, different method of preparation and application. By making the drug into nanoparticles by using different method of preparation, which may alleviate the manifestations of disease with minimal dose and less toxicity. These drug delivery systems can be potentially translated into targeted cellular and tissue-specific clinical applications designed to achieve maximal therapeutic efficacy with minimal side effects.         

  ODTS are solid unit dosage form which dissolve or disintegrate rapidly in mouth without water. So, acceptability of this dosage form mainly depends on its taste i.e. mouth feel. So it becomes necessary to develop such an ODT for that must be acceptable in taste to patient many techniques are available to mask the taste of drugs. These techniques not only serve as to mask the taste of drug but also to enhance the bioavailability of drug. Taste masking technology involves the development of a system that prevents the active substance interacting with the taste buds, thereby eliminating or reducing the bitter taste. This review describes the commonly used techniques that are adopted for masking the taste of bitter drugs and dosage form palatable. The common methods include addition of sweeteners, coating of drugs adjusting the pH values, granulation, freeze drying, forming complex with ion exchange resins etc. Key words: orodispersible tablets (ODTs), taste masking.  

Many oral dosage forms, bulking agents and beverage products have unpleasant taste. The bitter taste is an undesirable trait of the product or formulations and can considerably affects its acceptability by consumer. So, they should be formulated in a palatable form. Bitter taste in such systems can be reduced or eliminated by various methods, but no universally applicable technologies are yet recognized. This article is about the discussion of recent approaches for minimizing the unpleasant taste for oral pharmaceuticals.   Key words: Taste masking, Eudragit.

  The goal of present investigation highlights the formulation and evaluation of mucoadhesive buccal patches of Tramadol hydrochloride. The mucoadhesive buccal patches of Tramadol hydrochloride were prepared by solvent casting technique using various concentrations of Chitosan polymer. The formulated patches were evaluated for their physicochemical parameters like thickness, weight variation, surface pH, content uniformity, folding endurance swelling percentage studies and in vitro residence time. In vitro release studies were performed with pH 6.8 phosphate buffer solution. Good results were obtained both in physicochemical and in vitro studies. The films were exhibited controlled release more than six hours. The in-vitro release datas were fit to different equation and kinetic models to explain release profiles. The best mucoadhesive performance and matrix controlled release was exhibited by the formulation R6. The formulation was found be right and suitable candidate for the formulation of Tramadol HCL mucoadhesive buccal patches for therapeutic use. Key words: Tramadol HCL, Chitosan, Mucoadhesive buccal patches, PVP K-30.