Jayant Kumar Maurya

The aim of present study,  To formulate and characterized  proniosome contain flurbiprofen in a gel formulation for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and enhanced skin targeted effect, sustained & prolonged drug release, enhanced skin bioavailability by using different type of non ionic surfactant & cholesterol. The batches were designed using Box Behnken Design and prepared by coacervation phase separation method. Optimized formulation (PNGopt) showed drug entrapment efficiency of 74.46% and particle size 215nm. In-vitro drug release from PNGopt was found to be 84.15 in 24 hrs. The In-vitro drug release was best explained by zero order kinetics as the plot showed highest linearity and release was governed by Quasi Fickian diffusion.

The aim of this study was to prepare Diclofenac potassium (DP) microspheres by using Double Emulsion-solvent evaporation method with ethyl cellulose (EC) and Eudragit polymers. An attempt was made to formulate a sustained release dosage form of diclofenac potassium, to minimize frequent dosing as well as reducing or eliminating local side effects by avoiding the drug release in the upper gastro-intestinal tract Poly vinyl alcohol containing 2% (w/w) span 80 was the external phase and polymer -drug solution was the internal phase. EC and Eudragit were used to encapsulate diclofenac potassium. By using different formulation variables, six different formulations (F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, & F6) were prepared. The resulting microspheres obtained, were more spherical in shape and showed more entrapment efficiency. The size of the microspheres varied between 346-695 μm and as high as 96.24% loading efficiency for Eudragit and 82.34% for EC was obtained. In vitro release study was carried out in 0.1 N hydrochloric acid solution (pH 1.2) for first 2 hours followed by in phosphate buffer solution (pH 6.8) for next 4 hours. After first 2 hours of dissolution in 0.1 N hydrochloric acid, EC microspheres released 23% of drug and Eudragit released 7% of drug. The formulations were found to be effective in providing controlled release of drug for a longer period of time.

The colon drug delivery system has gained recent importance in delivery of the drug to the colon. These system facilitate the delivery of the drug to the colon and mainly releases the drug in the colonic environment and thereby reduces various side effects of conventional dosage forms like lower dose is required and hence lowering the side effects caused by higher doses. In the present study natural polysaccharide approach is employed and sesbania gum powder was used as a carrier for delivery of the drug to the colon . Satranidazole was selected as a drug of choice because it is most potent nitroimidazole derivative and clinically useful against common protozoa, it is twice as effective as other nitroimidazoles against amoebiasis. Colon targeted tablet of satranidazole can maintain minimum inhibitory concentration for desired duration in fewer doses with fewer side effects. The aim of the present research work is to develop core tablets of satranidazole and compression coated with different ratios of sesbania gum powder. All the formulations were then subjected for evaluation and were tested for hardness, drug content uniformity an in vitro drug release studies. The compression coated formulation CCS 2 released less than 5% of satranidazole drug in the physiological environment of stomach and intestine, when the dissolution studies was further continued in simulated colonic fluids the compression coated tablets with 150mg of sesbania gum powder released another 70% of satranidazole in the colon after degradation by colonic bacteria at the end of 12 hrs.

Fast dissolving Tablets are disintegrating and/or dissolve rapidly in the saliva without the need for water. Some tablets are designed to dissolve in saliva remarkably fast, within a few seconds, and are true fast-dissolving tablets. Others contain agents to enhance the rate of tablet disintegration in the oral cavity, and are more appropriately termed fast-disintegrating tablets, as they may take up to a minute to completely disintegrate. Oral delivery is currently the gold standard in the pharmaceutical industry where it is regarded as the safest, most convenient and most economical method of drug delivery having the highest patient compliance. By the addition of piperine in the fast dissolving formulation, its bioavailability increases, hence dosing reduces.

Drug delivery through oral route is widely accepted through all over world. Mouth dissolving tablet is most suitable tablet than conventional tablet. The main characteristic which is in the favors of mouth dissolving tablet is that there is no need of water to take it. Due to this it become more suitable dosage form for pediatric and geriatric patients. Since bioavailability of mouth dissolving tablet is high than conventional tablet, and mixing of piperine with it make them much more advance dosage form. Due to the addition of piperine in the drug, the dose size is reduced, and enhanced the onset of action. Addition of piperine with norfloxacin also increase the antibacterial activity and make them more effective.

By name, colonic drug delivery refers to targeted delivery of drugs into the lower GI tract, which occurs primarily in the large intestine (i.e. colon).Targeted drug delivery to the colon would therefore ensure direct treatment at the disease site, lower dosing and fewer systemic side effects. In addition to the local therapy, the colon also can be utilised as a portal for the drugs into the systemic circulation. Colon targeted drug delivery has gained recent importance for the treatment of colonic diseases and systemic delivery of therapeutic proteins and peptides. Treatment could be more effective if it is possible for drug to be directly delivered to colon. This article gives a detailed information related to colon, various approaches current and novel which are employed for delivery of drugs to the colon and advantages and limitation of colonic drug delivery over conventional drug delivery along with evaluation.