methanol

Biodiesel is a renewable, clean burning diesel replacement that is reducing dependence of foreign petroleum, creating jobs and improving the environment. Made from recycled cooking oil, soya bean oil and animal fats. Growing concern regarding energy resources and the environment has increased interest in the study of alternative sources of energy. To meet increasing energy requirements there has been growing interest in alternative fuel. The utilization of liquid fuels such as biodiesel produced from cooking oil by transesterification process. The most promising options for the use of conventional fossil fuels. 

A stable, simple, accurate, precise, robust and highly selective Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method was developed and validated using ritonavir. Chromatographic separation was achieved using cyber labs, LC 100 separation module, Agilent C18 column at temperature 30°C. Flow rate selected was 1ml/min. Both drugs are identified with UV detector at 256nm. Mobile phase employed was Methanol: Water (50:50), which resulted best   sensitivity. Developed method was validated in terms of linearity, range (25-150µg/ml), precession (correlation coefficient is less than 0.999), robustness, accuracy(recovery was 101.96%) and  under stress conditions drug degradation was less than 10%.The validation of proposed stability indicating method was verified by recovery studies and can be applicable in routine pharmaceutical analysis.

Euphorbia Hirta belonging to the Euphorbiaceae family contains more amounts of phenolic compounds and flavonoids which are responsible for the main pharmacological actions like anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-dengue and anti-cancer. Considering the current importance of these ingredients, an attempt has been made for the simultaneous estimation of gallic acid, rutin and quercetin from euphorbia hirta by successive extraction involves the use of solvents in an order of increasing polarity in soxhlet extractor at 30-45 °C using 800 ml solvents for 5 hours in increasing polarity to isolate the active constituents without other interferences. Hence we proposed to develop easy, rapid, accurate, precise and reliable analytical HPTLC method for the standardization of Euphorbia hirta(L) using gallic acid, rutin and quercetin as phytochemical markers from its methanolic extract and herbal capsule formulation. The separation was performed on TLC aluminum Plates precoated with silica gel 60F254, good separation was achieved in the mobile phase of butyl acetate: 1,4-dioxane (5:5% v/v) and densitometric determination of gallic acid, rutin and quercetin was carried out at 266nm.The linear regression data showed a good linearity in the concentration range of 136-748ng/spot of gallic acid, rutin and quercetin with a good correlation coefficient of 0.9989. Limit of detection was found to be 102 ng/spot of gallic acid,17ng/spot of rutin and 68ng/spot of quercetin. The limit of quantification for the estimation of gallic acid, rutin and quercetin was found to be 136ng/spot.

To establish an HPLC method for the determination of sulfasalazine in human plasma and to study the pharmacokinetics in Indian healthy volunteers following oral administration of sulfasalazine enteric-coated tablets.  In the study, 08 volunteers were administered with single oral dose of 500mg of sulfasalazine enteric-coated tablets with marketed reference product. The plasma concentrations of sulfasalazine were determined by HPLC-UV method. Chromatography was carried out on C-18 column with mobile phase comprising methanol and ammonium acetate buffer (pH 7.0) in the ratio of 48:52 pumped at a flow rate of 0.8 ml min−1. The retention time for sulfasalazine were 12.2±0.05 min, the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with aid of the software DAS2.1.1. The calibration curve of sulfasalazine was linear in the range from 1.00 to 10.00μg/ml (r2=0.998). The main pharmacokinetic parameters of sulfasalazine enteric coated tablets with marketed reference product were as follows: half life were (7.51±0.54) and (7.32±0.72) h, Cmax were (7.7125±1.0125) and (7.6±0.30)μg/ml, Tmax were (6.38±0.62) and 6.38±0.62)h, AUC(0~t) were (84.92±20.25) and (79.39±19.45)μg·h/ml, respectively.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the chemical composition of Spirulina subjected to different solvent extraction (acetone, methanol and ethyl acetate) by using soxhlet methodology and the extracts were analysis by Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrophotometer (GC-MS) using DB-5 capillary column. During GC-MS analysis, it was observed that fatty acid components are present in their extracts. In acetone extract, totally forty compounds were identified and heptacosane (17.25%), hexacosane (17.04%), heneicosane (14.47%), pentacosane (13.22%) and Nonacosane (11.29%) as major components. Thirty five compounds were identified in methanol extract and the major compounds are n-Hexadecanoic acid (19.9%), Cyclononasiloxane octadeca methyl (7.81%) and phytol (6.53%). Thirty components were identified in ethyl acetate extract and dodecane (17.35%), heptadecane (15.31%), sufurous acid butyl heptadecyl ester (11.31%) and n-hexadecanoic acid (4.26%) most abundant in ethyl acetate extract.