Standardization

Lehya is a polyherbal preparation which ensure its action from tongue itself. Our preparation acts by inducing anti inflammatory response on various cells, relaxing smooth muscles resulting in bronchodilation and it also has power to simultaneously enhance memory. Being prepared from plant materials it also has other beneficial effects on health and minimum side effects. The prepared lehya was evaluated for various physiochemical parameters. The preparation was evaluated by TLC and FTIR which have been discuss below. The further scope of the preparation can be studies using GC-MS

The present study was design to standardize and develop scientific data for identification and quality control of Oleo Resin of Pine. The proximate analysis and nature of Oleo Resin of Pine (ORP) was confirmed by organoleptic, physiochemical characterization and fluorescence analysis. The preliminary phytochemical analysis was done by qualitative chemical tests. The total chemical components were confirmed by TLC and HPTLC analysis in suitable solvent system. Identification of chemical compounds, their molecular weight and structure were detected by GC-MS and the functional groups were detected by FTIR. Thermal analysis was carried out by DSC. The organoleptic and physiochemical data showed characteristic features of ORP. The preliminary phytochemical analysis of hydroalcholic extract of ORP showed presence of carbohydrates, glycosides, alkaloid, phytosterols, terpenes, saponins and phenols. The DSC thermogram of powder of ORP showed enthalpy of transition more than zero for all the 4 endothermic peaks. The GC-MS chromatogram of ORP revealed the presence of two compounds, Longicyclene at RT 21.11 and Longifolene at RT 22.03. TLC and HPTLC fingerprinting of ORP showed separation of components in Toluene: Ethyl acetate (93:7) mobile phase at 254, 366, 550nm.The FTIR spectrogram of ORP showed the seven characteristic bands assigned to different functional groups. The observations and results of the study have provided evidence based scientific data for standardization of ORP which will serve as reference standards to establish its identity, purity and also help to minimize adulteration and substitution. Keywords: Standardization; Oleo Resin of Pine; HPTLC; GCMS; FTIR; DSC

Standardization of medicinal plants is an important step as it determines the identity and quality of a plant. The aim of present study was to standardize Polygonum glabrum by evaluating physicochemical parameters. Successive extraction, phytochemical screening and thin layer chromatography analysis were studied to detect the presence of various phytoconstituents. Physicochemical parameters such as loss on drying, total ash, acid insoluble ash, water soluble extractive and alcohol soluble extractive values were found to be 06.7±1.19%w/w, 15.52±0.28%w/w, 4.65±0.02%w/w, 20.05±1.07%w/w and 13.66±0.20%w/w, respectively. In phytochemical screening, petroleum ether extract revealed the presence of steroids, tannins and saponins whereas chloroform extract confirmed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids and carbohydrates. Ethylacetate extract showed the presence of phenolic compounds, steroids, proteins and glycosides. Further, major constituents like alkaloids, sugars, phenols, proteins, steroids, saponins, tannins and flavonoids were present in methanol extract. In addition, thin layer chromatography analysis supports the presence of terpenoids, alkaloids and flavonoids in petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol extracts, respectively.  It can be concluded that the standardization parameters investigated in this study could assist in safe, accurately collection, handling of crude materials, ensure efficacy and stability of ended product. Further, the major active constituents were identified in different extracts of Polygonum glabrum

Aavaraivithaadhi Chooranam is the classical Siddha medicine used in the treatment of Diabetes mellitus. The aim of the present study was to standardize the Siddha herbal drug formulation Aavaraivithaadhi chooranam by subjecting the drug to various studies like analyzing its organoleptic character, Physicochemical and Instrumental analytical studies like Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersing X-Ray Analyser (EDAX) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and the results were noted. The Total Ash value was10.2 %±0.25, Acid Insoluble Ash value was 07.9 %±0.74, Water soluble ash value was 3.4 %±0.08, Alcohol soluble Extractive was 5.78% ±0.39, water soluble ash value was8.18% ±0.58; Loss on drying at 105ºc was 0.0566 %±0.007. The SEM analysis shows the presence of micro particles and its morphology and topography is revealed, EDAX results shows the presence of compounds such as Carbon, Oxygen, Zinc, Magnesium, Calcium, Iron, Potassium, Silica which is responsible for its activity. FTIR analysis revealed the functional groups present through the bonds and stretches which may be the reason for its therapeutic effect. Standardization is an important analytical tool for the identification of the drug. This study brings the effective standardization of the Siddha Herbal formulation through the standard modern analytical studies thus bringing the siddha drug to the next level.

Phyllanthus amarus  S & T (Family: Euphorbeaceae) is an important medicinal plant. It is probably native to America but found throughout to India and almost all tropical countries.  Widespread throughout the tropics and subtropics in sandy regions as a weed in cultivated and waste lands. Whole plant is used as bitter, antipyretic, antiseptic, astringent, cooling agent,diuretic, in dropsy, gastrointestinal troubles like colic, diarrohea, dysentery, other genital disease and in jaundice. It also alleviates the anorexia and also used as a diuretic in dropsial affections, gonorrhea and other problems of genitor urinary tract. Whole plant material was subjected to macro-microscopic, physico-chemical, preliminary phytochemical, TLC to fix the quality standards of this drug. The experiment has resulted a set of diagnostic characters essential for its standardization. The experiments yielded a set of diagnostic characters comparable with standard literatures. This study would be useful for standardization of this raw drug derived from whole plant of Phyllanthus amarus S & T.