Piroxicam

Transdermal patches have a high systemic impact and may increase absorption by bypassing hepatic first-pass metabolism. A transdermal therapeutic system allows drugs to be continuously administered into the systemic bloodstream at a predetermined rate through unbroken skin over an extended period of time. When piroxicam (PXM) is taken orally, it can cause headaches, exhaustion, dry mouth, nose, and throat, nausea, vomiting, and sleepiness. It is also insoluble in water, so its allure is tainted by its decomposition. These issues are avoided by using a solvent-casting technique on a mercury surface in PXM matrix-type transdermal patches. In HPMC E50LV and Eudragit RS 100 transdermal patches, glycerine (plasticizer) is produced through solvent evaporation and a film-forming polymer. The FTIR method will be used aesthetics, breadth, weight difference, folding durability, moisture content, tensile strength, and percentage of PXM content were all deemed satisfactory on a physical level. According to the study, PXM release from transdermal patches can be improved by combining HPMC E50LV (400 mg) and Eudragit RS 100 (300 mg) with glycerine as a plasticize

The aim of the present study is to minimize the local gastrointestinal irritation which is one of the major side effects of Piroxicam (PR) by the formulation  oral  stomach specific in situ gelling emulsion ingestion by kinetic control of drug release. Material and method: In situ emulgel were prepared by using castor oil as oil phase ,tween 80 and span 80 as emulsifiers, sodium alginate was used as gelling agent,  xanthan gum was used as release retardant ,calcium carbonate was used as cross linking agent, pH triggered ionic gelation is the mechanism involved in the present study. Various evaluation tests were done for all formulations Results: Formulation F9 containing 2.5% of sodium alginate, 2 % of CaCO3, 1 % of sodium bicarbonate and 0.8% of Xanthan gum was selected as optimized batch based on  Q10 86.02±0.17 %, floating time 122.15±2.47 sec and drug content 91.86±1.02 %. The release pattern of drug was found to follow Korsemeyer and Highuchi model. The DSC study exposed that there was no incompatibility. Pharmacodynamic study on Wistar rats were showed significant anti inflammatory and anti arthritic activity of the optimized formulation. Further, in vivo toxicity studies carried out in wistar rats revealed no signs of gastric ulceration upon prolonged dosing. Conclusion: It was concluded that the oral stomach specific In situ gelling emulsion of piroxicam could be an effective dosage form which minimize the gastric irritation by coating drug with castor oil and remains buoyant and control the drug release for 24hrs.

A simple and precise reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the determination of meloxicam in human plasma was developed and validated. Using piroxicam as an internal standard (IS), separation was achieved on Symmetry shield RP-18 column. 0.5 ml plasma samples were prepared by protein precipitation using trifluoroacetic acid and acetonitrile. The mobile phase consisted of 0.025 M dibasic potassium phosphate (pH=6.0, adjusted with phosphoric acid), methanol, and acetonitrile (73:5:22, v:v:v) and was delivered at a flow rate of 1.5 ml/min. Eluents were measured using photodiode array detector set at 355 nm. Under these conditions, no interference in blank plasma or of commonly used drugs was observed. The relationship between the concentration of meloxicam in plasma and peak height ratio of meloxicam to the IS was linear over the range of 0.05-2.0 μg/ml. Intra-day and inter-day coefficient of variations (CV) and biases were ≤ 6.0% and ≤ 8.6%, and ±5.9% and ±5.3%, respectively. Extraction recovery of meloxicam and the IS from plasma was ≥80% and 98%, respectively. The method was applied to assess the stability of meloxicam under various clinical laboratory conditions. In processed samples, meloxicam was stable for at least 24 hours at room temperature (≥ 82%) and 48 hours at -20C (≥ 95%). In unprocessed sample it was stable for at least 24 hours at RT (≥ 82%), 16 weeks at -20ºC (≥ 87%), and after three freeze-thaw cycles (≥ 90%). The method is suitable for clinical and bioavailability investigation involving meloxicam concentration in the therapeutic range.

The aim of this work was to investigate the potential of solid lipid microparticles (SLM) to offer gastroprotection and improve piroxicam’s anti-inflammatory property. The effects of NaCl and cabosil® on the properties of the SLM were also evaluated. The SLM were prepared by the hot homogenization technique using Ultra turrax (T25 Basic digital). Phospholipon® 90G and Capra hircus fat constituted the lipid matrix. The particle size, drug content, encapsulation efficiency, in vitro drug release, anti-inflammatory and ulcerogenic studies were carried out on the formulations. Results showed that carbosil® significantly (p

The present experimental research work was undertaken to determine the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of novel xylopia aethiopica formulations based on folklore methods used in Nigeria for the management of chronic severe painful conditions on eggwhite induced paw oedma in both sex of albino wistar rats using the pain models of Randall and Selitto (1957) as adopted by Ugo Basile (Italy). Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the different analgesia models at doses as low as 0.5mg/ kg & 2mg/ kg respectively were evaluated against the standard analgesic drug Piroxicam, at dose of 20mg/ kg. The analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities was dose, and sex dependant: females appearing to endure more pains than males and in the ratio 2:1; suggesting that xylopia aethiopica is efficacious in ameliorating pains .The results from the study demonstrated strong anti- nociceptive than anti-inflammatory activities and as evidenced the bioactive constituents of hydro-alcoholic formulations, particularly, hydro-methanolic, potentiated the effects which resonated with the local use of finished products and practices for medicine purposes. Studies with the pure samples are on the way in order to understand the precise mechanisms of action. Key words: Analgesic & anti-inflammation activity, Piroxicam, xylopia aethiopica, hydro-alcoholic formulation, paw oedema, sex.

  Piroxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, classified in the Biopharmaceutics Drug Classification system as a Class II drug with low solubility and high permeability. It demonstrates a slow and gradual absorption via the oral route and has a long half-life of elimination, rendering a prolonged therapeutic action and a delayed onset of anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. The basic objective of the present study is to formulate and evaluate the fast dissolving tablet of Piroxicam. Study proposes the use of a Sodium Satrch Glycolate (SSG) alone to prepare solid dispersion of piroxicam and comparison of its in-vitro dissolution with pure piroxicam. Fast Dissolving tablets can be prepared by conventional direct compression method using solid dispersion of superdisintegrants which shows rapid rate of disintegration. For better Hardness, less friability, faster wetting time and less moisture uptake combination of both MCC and Mannitol are required in the formulation.   Key Words: Fast dissolving tablet, Piroxicam, Sodium starch Glycolate (SSG)