Ayurveda

Dispersible drug delivery methods are widely utilized nowadays to increase patient compliance and bioavailability. Dispersible tablets have drawn a lot of interest over the last three decades as a better option to traditional tablets and capsules because of their enhanced solubility, stability, and patient compliance. Dispersible tablets may be a better option, particularly for medications that are sensitive to gastrointestinal fluids, to cover up the bitter taste of the medication, and for patients who fall into the paediatric, geriatric, bedridden, postoperative, or other patient categories and may have trouble swallowing traditional tablets and capsules. These tablets instantly break down in the water to create the suspension. The key component of a dispersible tablet is the super disintegrants. When a dispersible tablet comes into touch with water, it becomes moist and swells significantly, which causes it to dissolve rapidly. The improved compliance among patients is facilitated by the new medicine administration mechanism. Among these are pills that dissolve quickly. Benefits of readily dispersed tablets include precise dosage, ease of production and transportation, strong chemical and mechanical stability, and a perfect substitute for elderly and paediatric patients. Because of its many benefits, such as simplicity of ingestion, pain avoidance, adaptability, and, most importantly, compliance from patients, the oral route of taking medication continues to be the most optimal method. The most popular solid dose forms are tablets and capsules.

The incidence of lifestyle disease like polycystic ovarian syndrome, Uccharaktachapa (~hypertension), Sthaulya (~obesity), Madhumeha (~Diabetes) as well as Iron deficiency Anemia are increasing day by day. Blood loss is one major cause of the iron deficiency. Women are at a higher risk as they lose blood during menstruation. Even a lack of iron in the diet can lead to this deficiency. Vitamin B12 is a nutrient that helps keep the body’s blood and nerve cells healthy and helps make DNA, the genetic material in all of the cells. Vitamin B12 also helps prevent megaloblastic anemia, a blood condition that makes people tired and weak. Vegetarians or vegans, menstruating and pregnant women and individuals who donate blood more frequently are at an increased risk of iron deficiency. As per the clinical features, Vit B12 deficiency can be considered among the types of Pandu Vyadhi. The aim of the study is to assess the role of Ayurvedic Nidanaparivarjana and Pathyapathya in Vit B12 deficiency as a first and the most important line of treatment in Ayurveda. In this case study, the strict vegetarian female, aged 27 years came with Vit B12 (also called cobalamin) deficiency with the symptoms i.e., tiredness, loss of appetite, weight loss, constipation, irritation and confusion. She was treated by Ayurveda with Nidanaparivarjana and Pathyapathya for 3 months without any allopathic intervention. After the completion of treatment protocol, her Vit B12 level became normal with marked improvement in the above-mentioned associated symptoms.

Beginning of the new decade was highlighted with the global outbreak of Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). It is a kind of viral pneumonia which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a new strain of Coronavirus. This outbreak of pneumonia with unknown etiology was thought to have originated from the Huanan seafood market and was reported firstly at Wuhan, in China. On 31st January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that COVID-19 was listed as the Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC).The virus was named as COVID-19 on 11th February, 2020 by WHO. As it has affected the whole world, it was declared as global pandemic by WHO. SARS-CoV-2 is the betacoronavirus with presence of different proteins which helps in attachment, penetration, biosynthesis, maturation and release of newly synthesized virion particles in the host body and infect the host. COVID-19 is contagious and primarily spreads through the respiratory tract, by droplets, respiratory secretions, and direct contact. As no vaccine or drug molecule are available yet, breaking the chain, enhancing an individual's body immunity, identifying the infection early and timely medical care are the best ways to prevent COVID-19 infection. Along with Allopathy medicines, Ayurveda, Unani and Homeopathy medicines are used as add-ons to treat the disease. Thus, taking into consideration this global threat this review focuses on origin, morphology of SARS-CoV-2, pathogenesis, role of Ayurveda, Unani, Homeopathy and Allopathy in treatment of COVID-19 and the current scenario of vaccines against COVID-19.

Diabetes mellitus is one of the common endocrine disorders characterized by deranged secretion of insulin and/or glucagon with extensive disturbance of carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolism. GymnemaSylvestre is a woody, climbing plant of tropical forests of central and southern India and in parts of Africa. Gymnema has played an important role in Ayurvedic medicine for centuries. Its use has been confined primarily to the management of diabetes mellitus and similar hypo/hyperglycemic conditions. The first scientific confirmation of G. sylvestre use in human diabetics came almost a century back when it was demonstrated that the leaves of G. sylvestre reduce urine glucose in diabetics. Costusigneus Nak commonly known as fiery costus, Step ladder or Spiral flag or Insulin plant, is native to South and Central America. This is a recent introduction to India from America as an herbal cure for diabetes and hence commonly called as 'insulin plant. 

In indigenous/traditional systems of medicine, the drugs are primarily dispensed as water decoction or ethanolic extract. Fresh plant parts, juice or crude powder are a rarity rather than a rule.  Total Phenolic content in the extracts measured as gallic equivalent in Ashwagandha (methanolic)  43.77 ± 1.7, aqueous = 42.52 ± 0.8, activity of Trolox by ABTS method IC50 value 428.38 ± 1.90 µg /ml, Total Antioxidant activity by ABTS method in Ashwagandha (methanolic) IC50 Value is 28.353 ± 0.269 mg/ml in  aqueous 32.547 ± 0.532 mg/ml , Free radical scavenging capacity by DPPH in Ashwagandha (methanolic) IC50 Value 2.9  ± 0.09 mg/ml  in aqueous 3.27 ± 0.05 mg/ml. The medicinal plant examined in this study has long been used in Indian traditional medicine, Ayurveda as well as many other traditional drug practices of the rest of the world. Withania somnifera, known as ‘Ashwagandha’, has been an important herb in the Ayurvedic and indigenous medical systems for centuries in India.

Satavar is an important drug which has been used in Unani and Ayurveda systems of medicine since long as an effective aphrodisiac and galactogogue drug. It is widely distributed throughout tropical and sub-tropical parts of India up to an altitude of 1500 m. It is also known as the queen of herbs. It is cultivated in gardens as an ornamental plant. Chemically it is comprised of saponins, alkaloids, steroids, carbohydrates, mucilage and essential nutrients like mineral and vitamins by virtue of which it possesses therapeutic actions such as aphrodisiac, galactogogue, immunomodulator, demulcent and anti-inflammatory etc. Modern scientific researches have also proved its novel therapeutic activities like antioxidant, antibacterial, hypoglycemic, antidepressant etc. In this article an attempt has been made to summarize the immense classical Unani literature and modern researches on Satavar. Key words: Satavar, Asparagus racemosus, galactogogue, Unani, Ayurveda

Asteracantha longifolia (L.) Nees. belonging to the family Acanthaceae is known as Talmakhana in Unani and Kokilasha in Ayurveda system of medicine. It is found in India, Srilanka, Burma and Nepal. The plant contains alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, essential oil and phytosterols. It has been using in traditional systems of medicine since centuries for the treatment of diseases like low libido, premature ejaculation, ascites, jaundice and diseases of urogenital tract etc. Many pharmacological studies have been conducted on Asteracantha longifolia which proved its aphrodisiac, hepatoprotective, antioxidant and analgesic activities etc. In this review, an attempt has been made to present its phytochemical, pharmacological and other important aspects. Key words: Asteracantha longifolia, Talmakhana, aphrodisiac, Ayurveda, Unani.  

Ayurvedic medicine is a well known treatment procedure past many years. Glycyrrhiza glabra also known as Liquorice, sweetwood, Mulhatti etc. It has well known properties such as antiviral, glucocorticoid, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiulcerative, anticarcinogenic and many more. Its indications in dentistry are also well noted such as in oral lichen planus, apthous stomatitis. This herb was tried in the vesicullobullous disorder which is not well recognized. This review portrays the properties, medicinal values such as antiviral, glucocorticoid, Hypocholesterolaemic, antioxidant, toxicities, anticancer, hepatitis, gastric ulcer, hepatocellular carcinoma and dosage of this precious herb.