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(Physalis peruviana(L) is a noteworthy helpful plant which has a spot with the family Solanaceae. It is commonly used as individuals prescription and treating for certain afflictions. The powerful in vitro recuperation of Physalis peruviana was practiced from center point, internode and leaf explants on MS medium with B5 supplements and different concentrations and blends of PGRs like BAP,GA3 and 2,4-D.The most noteworthy amounts of various shoots were cultivated from nodal and internodal explantson 3.0 mg/l BAP + 1.5mg/l GA3 + 0.5mg/l 2, 4-D. The high repeat of shoot duplication saw from leaf explants on 2.5 mg/l BAP+1.0mg/l GA3+ 0.5mg/l 2, 4-D.The recouped shoots were moved in to half quality MS medium propped with IBA for root acknowledgment. Built up plantlets were viably acclimatized. The present assessment exhibited powerful in vitro shoot duplication and recuperation limits of Physalis peruviana L.

The novel Pyrazoline derivatives were prepared  by cyclisation of substituted chalcone derivatives in the presence of 2, 4 dintro phenyl hydrazine hydrate. Structural elucidation of all synthesized  derivatives were done by spectral analysis ( IR , NMR and Mass spectroscopy). All synthesized derivatives  screened for their anticancer activities by MTT assay and  these prepared derivatives exhibits promising anticancer activities.

Aldose reductase (ALR2; AR; EC 1.1.1.21) is the first enzyme of the polyol pathway, which reduces glucose to sorbitol, in the presence of NADPH. The pathway is completed by sorbitol dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the NAD-linked oxidation of sorbitol to fructose. Synthesis and accumulation of sorbitol in cells due to increased aldose reductase activity is one of the main causes of diabetic complications. The aim of our study is to determine the potential inhibitory effect of some 2, 4-TZD derivatives on aldose reductase enzyme activity. Aldose reductase enzyme is isolated from bovine lenses and the activity of the enzyme is determined by spectrophotometric method. In our study 13 thiazolidinedione (TZD) derivatives which are containing benzyl and phenacyl groups were studied. Maximum inhibitory activity was found with 2,4- TZD-N-unsubstituted compound (86 %).  Compound 13, unsubstituted compound which was showed the maximum inhibitory activity, will be the key formula of our future studies.

A series of substituted 1, 2, 4-triazole derivatives have been synthesized, using chloroform mediated phenylimino dichloromethane. It was added to a chloroform suspension of N'-(arylidene) ethanehydrazonohydrazide and the mixture was refluxed over water bath for 3 hours. The evolution of hydrogen chloride gas was noticed. The structures of synthesized compounds are confirmed on spectral analysis like IR; 1H NMR and 13C NMR data. All newly synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activity towards Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains and antifungal activity including  B. subtilis, E. coli, S. aureus, S. ablong, Candida and A. niger. Results showed that most of compounds have measurable antibacterial and antifungal activity.

Androgenesis inphanerogams is a very distinct process. This technique has been proven unique breakthrough to shorten the breeding period of the cultivars for the production and fixing of agronomic traits in the homozygous state in a single generation.Catharanthus roseus(L.) G. Don. (Periwinkle)being an important pharmaceutical plantwas selected for the investigation to study the effect of various pretreatment on callus induction in anther culture at constant concentrations of growth regulators i.e. 2, 4-D, NAA and BAP. Out of the five pretreatments chosen cold pretreatment at 8°C for 10 days was found to be the best66.33 ± 1.74%and least was observed in centrifugation at 2000rpm for 6 hours 28.00 ± 0.57%.While 2,4-D=7mgL-1, NAA=0.5mgL-1 and BAP=1.5mgL-1 were found to be suitable for maximum calli production at all concentrations of 2,4-D.Plantlets regenerated by culturing embryo like structure are all reported to be haploid.

A series of 1-(2, 6-difluorobenzyl)-1H-1, 2, 3-triazole (5a-d and 7a-d) were synthesized and evaluated for CNS depressant  and anticonvulsant activities by photoactometer, rotarod and pentylene tetrazole induced convulsion method respectively in Swiss albino mice. Diazepam was used as a standard drug. Out of the 8 compounds tested, compounds (5b, 7a and 7b) were showed the CNS depressant activity comparable to that of diazepam at a dose of 5 mg/kg. The active members of the series (5b, 7a and 7b) were selected for anticonvulsant activity study.

A spectroscopic method has been proposed for the determination of two phenolic drugs; Phenylephrine hydrochloride and Pyridoxine hydrochloride. The method is based on the oxidation of 2, 4- Dinitro phenylhydrazine and coupling of the oxidized product with drugs to give intensely colored chromogen. Under the proposed optical condition, Beer’s law was obeyed in the concentration range of 2.5 - 30 µg mL-1and 5 – 20 µg mL-1 for Phenylephrine Hydrochloride and Pyridoxine Hydrochloride respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.3, 1.95 µg mL-1 and 0.95, 0.64 µg mL-1 in the same order. No interference was observed from common pharmaceutical adjuvants. The suggested method was further applied for the determination of drugs in commercial pharmaceutical dosage forms, which was compared statistically with reference methods by means of t- test and F- test and were found not to differ significantly at 95% confidence level. The procedure is characterized by its simplicity with accuracy and precision.

5-(substituted/unsubstituted benzofuran-2-yl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carbohydrazides 1a-b  on reaction with phenylisothiocyanate, potassium thiocyanate, carbon disulphide in pyridine and carbon disulphide in KOH followed by hydrazine hydrate afforded nitrogenous, sulphur bridgehead heterocycles 2-5a-d respectively. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were elucidated by elemental analysis and spectral data such as IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectra. In addition the in vitro antibacterial and antifungal properties were tested for these synthesized compounds against B. subtilis, S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and A. niger compared with ampicillin and clotrimazole as reference drugs. Synthesized compounds were found to possess moderate to excellent activity against selected strains.

The present study will focus mainly on the new series of 1,2,3- triazoles linked with 7-amino-4-methyl coumarin (4) are synthesized using Click reaction. All the newly synthesized compounds (7a-q) are characterized by analytical and spectroscopic methods (IR, HRMS, 1H and 13C-NMR) and subjected to cytotoxicity screening against a panel of six different human cancer cell lines viz. Hela, PANC1, HepG2, SKNSH, MDAMB and IMR 32 cell lines. Interestingly, among the tested molecules, some of the analogs displayed better cytotoxic activity. Out of the synthesized triazoles (7a-q), compounds 7h, 7i and 7l showed potent activity, as 7h and 7l showed more potent activity against IMR32 cell line with GI50 of 0.015 and 0.02 μM, respectively and 7i with GI50 of 0.02 μM against SKNSH cell line. Further photophysical properties (UV & fluorescence) for these compounds (7a-q) are also discussed.

Plants use multiple defense mechanisms in order to prevent entering of phytopathogenic microorganisms. In many plant species one of the most efficient responses to combat attacking microbes is the rapid synthesis of antimicrobial low molecular weight phytoalexins, for example, stilbenes produced by several plants may be a useful lead structure for the chemical synthesis of antimicrobials. In this study, a series of novel 2, 4, 5-trimethoxy stilbene derivatives have been synthesized via the Wittig reaction. The starting material 2, 4, 5- trimethoxy benzaldehyde (asaronaldehyde) was obtained from β-asarone of sweet flag oil. The key intermediate 2, 4, 5-trimethoxybenzyltriphenyl phosphonium chloride was prepared for the first time from the corresponding benzyl chloride. All the trans-stilbenes were characterized by HRMS, 1H and 13C NMR spectral analysis and tested in vitro for their fungicidal activity against two plant pathogenic fungi viz., Phytophthora capsici and Sclerotium rolfsii.