Shamsher S. Bari

Thiophene an important heterocyclic nucleus has been established as the potential scaffold entity in the largely growing chemical world of heterocyclic compounds possessing agrochemical, dyes and potent pharmacological characteristics. The present review, provide a broad view of the synthetic routes of 2-aminothiophenes and further explore their biological profiles and synthetic utility. The knowledge of various synthetic pathways and the diverse physicochemical parameters of 2-aminothiophenes draw the special attention of medicinal chemists to produce combinatorial library and carry out exhaustive efforts in the search of lead molecules.

The area of pharmaceuticals and synthetic organic chemistry continued to remain dependent on the heterocyclic compounds due to their wide array of properties both biological and synthetic. However, their extensive clinical use as medicinal drugs and their synthetic applications has been prompting the chemists to develop new structural triazole derivatives. Benzotriazole is benzene fused azole derivative exhibiting tremendous application in medicinal and synthetic chemistry. Benzotriazole bearing compounds possess various activities such as anticancer, antifungal, antibacterial, antitubercular, antiviral, antioxidative, antiparasitic, antioxidative. Also, the versatility and usefulness of benzotriazole methodology in synthesis protocol has grown from an obscure level to extreme popularity, since benzotriazole moiety can easily be introduced into a molecule by variety of reactions, thus allowing numerous transformations, and finally its stability and ease of removal at the of the reaction sequence.  In this review, we briefly describe the development of new benzotriazole compounds having wide range of applications during the period of 2011 to 2016.

Azetidin-2-ones (β-lactams) have been a mainstay as therapeutics for the treatment of a wide range of bacterial infections. The interest in β-lactams stems from their highly unusual structure-activity profiles towards a genera of pathogenic bacteria. Tremendous efforts have been made in the literature towards the development of novel β-lactam compounds for a study of their biological evaluation. The present review begins with a brief introduction of β-lactam antibiotics. This is preceded by the progress made towards the biological evaluation of a variety of racemic as well as optically active cis- or trans-3-acetoxyazetidin-2-ones. Their application in medicinal field as antifungal, antibacterial, antitumor, anticancer, IMR32 cytotoxic agents and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors is discussed.

Thiazolidinones have been explored in both academia and pharmaceutical industry for their wide spectrum of biological applications which include activity against streptomyces species, anti-convulsant, hypoglycemic, antihypertensive agents and therefore, they are useful molecules for drug research and organic chemistry. Thiazolidinone derivatives containing thiazole ring system are also found to possess pharmacological activities such as anticancer, antimalarial, tuberculostatic, anticonvulsant, anti-HIV activity and CNS stimulants. Extensive research in the synthesis and biological evaluation of thiazolidinone substituted heterocycles is well documented and hence, attracted the interest of organic chemist. Therefore, the objective of this review to highlight the biological properties of thiazolidinone derivatives bearing thiazole ring system. The introductory paragraph highlights the significance of the thiazolidinone moiety and is followed by an overview of thiazole heterocycle. In the next section pharmacological properties of thiazolidinone linked thiazole derivatives has been described Key words: 4-Thiazolidinone, Thiazole, Heterocycles, Biological Activity