Manjunath K

Bilayer floating tablets of Drotaverine HCL were developed by direct compression method. Immediate release layer contains 20 mg of drug and super disintegrant sodium starch glycolate, serves the purpose of loading dose. Sustained release layer contained HPMC K100, natural polymers like xanthan gum, guar gum, karaya gum release the drug for 12 hours’ time. Sodium bicarbonate and citric acid are used to produce effervescence. Floating lag time of optimized tablet is 92 sec, whereas floating duration is more than 12 hours. FTIR results revealed that there was no interaction between drug and HPMC K100 / xanthan gum. The post compression parameters of developed tablets were found to be satisfactory. In this study, it was confirmed that the formulations containing HPMC K100, have shown better floating properties and finally the formulation containing a combination of HPMC K100 and xanthan gum in 3:1 ratio, has exhibited decent sustained drug release properties. The release kinetics of optimized formulation prepared with the combination of HPMC K100 and xanthan gum followed zero order kinetics.

The main objective of this study is to improve the physicochemical stability, swelling and drug release pattern of the polymers in biological condition by Hybridization. In this study, interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) of acrylamide grafted ghatti gum (Am-g-GG) and poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) was developed by emulsion crosslinking method. Glutaraldehyde was used as the crosslinking agent. Experiments were performed according to a 23 factorial design to evaluate the effects of GG:PVA ratio, Glutaraldehyde and drug loading percentage on the percent Drug entrapment efficiency, percentage of Swelling at pH 1.2 & pH 6.8 and percentage Cumulative drug release. The effect of the three independent variables on the response variables was studied by response surface plots and contour plots generated by the Design-Expert software. The desirability function was used to optimize the response variables. The compatibility between Miglitol and the excipients was confirmed by differential FTIR spectroscopy analysis. The prepared IPN microspheres showed well controlled release characteristics and continued to drug release following a diffusion-controlled release pattern. The drug release was for a prolonged time without collapsing the IPN matrix. The observed responses taken were in good agreement with the experimental values. Thus, Miglitol IPN microspheres were produced with fewer experimental trials, and a patient compliant product with good stability was achieved with the concept of formulation by design.

Bilayer floating tablets of Dothiepin HCL were developed by direct compression method. Immediate release layer contains 30 mg of drug and super disintegrant sodium starch glycolate, serves the purpose of loading dose. Sustained release layer contained HPMC K4M, natural polymers like xanthan gum, guar gum, karaya gum release the drug for 12 hours’ time. Sodium bicarbonate and citric acid are used to produce effervescence. Floating lag time of optimized tablet is 92 sec, whereas floating duration is more than 12 hours. FTIR results revealed that there was no interaction between drug and HPMC K4M / xanthan gum. The post compression parameters of developed tablets were found to be satisfactory. In this study, it was confirmed that the formulations containing HPMC K4M, have shown better floating properties and finally the formulation containing a combination of HPMC K4M and xanthan gum in 3:1 ratio, has exhibited decent sustained drug release properties. The release kinetics of optimized formulation prepared with the combination of HPMC K4M and xanthan gum followed zero order kinetics.

Recently, solid lipid Nano-particles have received much attention by the researchers owing to its biodegradability, biocompatibility and the ability to deliver a wide range of drugs. The aim of the present study was to design Diltiazem solid lipid Nano-particles and to evaluate them. Diltiazem solid lipid Nano-particles were prepared by hot homogenization technique using different lipids (Tristearin, GMS and Comprital), soy lecithin as stabilizers and tween 80, Poloxamer as surfactants. The Nano-particles were evaluated for particle size & PDI, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release. The particle size ranged from 49.7 to 523.7 nm. PDI of all formulations were good within the range of 0.189 to 0.427. The zeta potential ranged from -10.5 to -29.6 Mv, Entrapment efficiency of all formulations were observed was in the range of 78.68 to 95.23 %. The cumulative percentage release of Diltiazem from different Diltiazem Nano-particles varied from 53.36 to 88.74% depending upon the drug lipid ratio and the type of lipid used. The average percentage of drug released from different SLNs after 24 hours showed in the following order: F9 (53.35%) < F6 (56.75%) < F4 (61.74%) < F7 (63.8%) < F5(67.77%) < F8(69.04%) < F3(75.31%) < F1(79.36%)

Depressive Disorder medications are pharmacological agents that are used to treat Major Depressive Disorder disease. The intention of the present study is to design and characterization of fast dissolving buccal films of Paroxetin.  Films were prepared by using different polymers like HPMC E15, PVA, PVP and Glycerol as plasticizer and saccharin as a sweetening agent and vanillin as a flavoring agent. Buccal films were prepared using solvent casting technique. The major problem with Paroxetine was it belongs to class ? in BCS classification and have low solubility in biological fluids. In order to enhance the solubility of Paroxetine solid dispersion of Paroxetine   were prepared by melting technique at different drug carrier (PEG 4000) weight ratios and evaluated. No interaction was found between the drug and the polymers which was obtained by FTIR studies. The buccal films were evaluated for Folding endurance, weight variation, Drug content, Thickness, permeation study and in-vitro drug release study. Dissolution profile were studied by using USP dissolution apparatus type I, pH 6.8 simulated saliva were used as dissolution media. The influence of variable like polymer type, and their concentration, on Paroxetine release profile was studied. The formulation was optimized on the basis of various evaluation parameters like drug content and In-vitro drug release. Formulation F3 successfully gave the fast release of drug within 12 minutes. Stability studies were as per ICH guide lines and result indicated that the selected formulation was stable.

The aim of the present study is to develop and evaluate floating microspheres containing candesartan cilexetil in order to achieve extended release of drug and thereby to enhance the patient compliance. Floating microspheres were prepared by using solvent evaporation method. The microspheres were formulated using different polymers like ethyl cellulose, HPMC K4M and eudragit RSPO 100 in different concentrations and combinations. The prepared floating microspheres were characterized for their percentage yield (95.44 - 98.52%), drug entrapment efficiencies (71.52 - 97.87 %) and percentage buoyancy (93.45 - 98.66%). The FTIR and DSC studies revealed absence of interactions between drug and selected polymers. In vitro release studies were performed in 0.1 N HCl which showed a drug release of 97.62 % at 24 hour in case of formulation (F7). Fitting the in vitro drug release data to Korsmeyer equation indicated that Fickian diffusion is the mechanism of drug release.