Gupta

Phytoconstituents, in modern time phytosomes are being increase the level of natural remedies. It is recently introduced system to have used as a novel drug delivery. However nowadays it has been developed into the most well-turned and self assembled system to raise the oral bioavailability of phyto-drugs. That generally recognized as phytosomes. Phytoconstituents have a benignant moderation between hydrophilic and lipophilic in nature molecules which is helps in breakdown of gastro-intestinal sap to pass the lipid rich bio-membrane of cells. It can just be achieved as a result of phytosomes technique. But the delivery of herbal drugs is turn into the challenges owing to reduced aqueous dissolubility, poor permeations and foremost metabolite rate. Therefore, phytosome works as linkage for retain the efficiency toward develop the incorporation of numerous well-liked herbal drugs. E.g. - Ginkgo biloba, grape seeds, green tea etc. it can merely be evolved for a variety of remedial use.

Rabeprazole sodium is a proton pump inhibitor used to treat peptic ulcer, duodenal ulcer, gastro oesophageal reflux disease by inhibiting the enzyme H+ /K+ATPase, the acidic pump. It is also used to treat Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, erosive esophagitis. This study is aimed to develop pharmaceutically equivalent and stable enteric-coated tablets of Rabeprazole sodium comparable to innovator product. The present work aims to avoid degradation of drug in acidic environment of stomach. Ten Formulations of Rabeprazole core tablets were developed using mannitol as diluents, magnesium stearate and talc as lubricant and glidant, Ethyl cellulose as seal coating, Eudragit L-30, Plasacrylic HTP, Instacoat EN HPMC Pthalate as enteric coated. Among the ten uncoated tablet batches F9 obtained good drug release profile compared to innovator. So a batch F9 was selected for further steps of formulation i.e., sub coating and enteric coating. After enteric coated batches F9 was evaluated for acid resistance test and in-vitro dissolution test compared with innovator found to be suitable for Rabeprazole sodium delayed release tablet. The stability studies were conducted at 40oC/75% RH for 3 months.

Controlled topical release drug delivery system for Fluconazole  is potentially useful in improving drug deposition in the skin and reducing the incidence of adverse side effects. The purpose of the present experiment was to produce a topical gel system for the delivery of . Drug loaded microsponges (1–10) were formulated by an emulsion solvent diffusion method. Optimization of the microsponges was selected by drug loading efficiency. The optimized microsponges was formulated as topical gel and evaluated. The in vitro drug release, ex vivo drug deposition, primary skin irritancy study and in vivo antibacterial activity of  loaded formulations were studied. The spherical and porous microparticles were obtained. Moreover, the optimized microsponge possess particle size, entrapment efficiency and production yield and of 84.49 µm, 72.21% and 39.40% respectively. Microsponge loaded gels indicated controlled release, no irritancy to rat skin and antifungal activity. An in vivo skin deposition study proved three fold higher retention in the stratum corneum layer as compared with plain  gel. Microsponges-based gel formulations showed prolonged efficacy in a rat surgical wound model infected with Candida albicans. These results suggest that was stable in topical formulations and amplifying retention in the skin, indicating better potential of the delivery system for treatment of primary and secondary skin infections. Keywords: Microsponges, Particle size, Entrapment efficiency, Primary skin irritancy, in vivo skin deposition Candida albicans.  

Gutika Anjana is an important Ayurvedic formulation containing Gairika (Ochre), Saindhava (Sodii chloridum), Pippali (Piper longum Linn.) and Shunthi (Zingiber officinale  Roxb.) as main ingredient. All the constituents are available and prepared according to the reference present in Sushruta Samhita Uttaratantra Vataabhishyanda Pratishedha. Till date no work has been carried out to standardize the formulation. Hence the present study was undertaken to standardize the compound Ayurvedic formulation through Pharmacognostical and pharmaceutical evaluation. The sample was subjected for various Phytochemical parameters like water soluble extractive (32.8%w/w), alcohol soluble extractive (32.3% w/w), ash value (8.4% w/w), loss on drying (14.25% w/w), the pH (6), HPTLC. The HPTLC, solvent system was Toluene:ethyl acetate (9:1), showed the presence of 11 spots at 254nm and 13 spots at 366nm. Thus the physiochemical and microscopic characters achieved may provide guidelines for standardization of formulation, Gutika Anjana.  

In this study, in vitro antimicrobial activity of Polyherbal cream comprising of various plant herb extracts of leaves viz. Aloe barbadensis, Calendula officinalis, Lawsonia inermis, Carica Papaya and Azadirachta indica along with tridax procumbens as a key Plant was evaluated. Polyherbal formulations (F1 & F2) were designed and developed as ointment based semisolid cream. Disc diffusion method and agar well diffusion method were used for in vitro antibacterial and antifungal screening for both the formulations. Zone of inhibition were observed as a measure of investigation. The Formulation-1 (F1) showed efficient zone of inhibition at concentration of 4% than the formulation-2 (F2) at lower concentration 2% of tridax procumbens. In antifungal screening, the compound showed significant zones of inhibition against tested fungi.

To describe the various adverse donor reactions and determine the frequency of their occurrence in whole blood donors.  A retrospective review of all the no of donor Reactions reports of 19 blood banks of Kerala from 01/01/2014 to 31/12/2015 was done. The total number of donations were 246092(94.34%) and the Donors rejected were 14752(5.66%) 1174(0.48%) had an adverse reaction of which 999(0.41%) were vasovagal related and 175(0.07%) were needle injuries. Donor safety is an essential prerequisite to increase voluntary blood donation. AE analysis helps in identifying the blood donors at risk of AE, applying appropriate motivational strategies, pre-donation counseling, care during and after donation, developing guidelines and hemovigilance programme in countries with limited resources. Strict adherence to the rules is essential to ensure donor safety.  Also  it would have detrimental effects on return of donors for subsequent donations and rate of complications resulting in long-term morbidity and disablement is not negligible.

The aim of present study was an effective novel strategy of combined plants extract for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, using Amla Withania and Tulsi extract in different ratio. The extracts were prepared by using solvents like 60% ethanol for Amla fruit, 50% ethanol for Withania root and pure ethanol for Tulsi aerial part. Haloperidol was used to induce catalepsy and Akinesia. The ability of these combined extracts in inhibition of haloperidol-induced catalepsy and Akinesia in rodent models of Parkinsonian symptoms also Motor co-ordination test was conducted using a rota rod apparatus. It was found that treatment with the extract significantly reduced catalepsy according to dose.  In the second experiment haloperidol was used to suppress locomotor activity in test. Treatment with extract significantly increased locomotion reduced by haloperidol according to dose.

The present communication deals with the synthesis of some N´-alkylidene/arylidene-2-(4-substituted-5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-ylthio) aceto/arylhydrazides, their characterization and antimicrobial activity against medically important microbes. The final compounds were synthesized by reaction of 2-(4-substituted-5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-ylthio) acetohydrazide with various aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes in presence of glacial acetic acid in ethanol. The structures of the synthesized compounds were established by IR, NMR and Mass spectral studies. The antimicrobial activity was studied against Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 87), Bacillus subtilis (MTCC 121), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC 424), Escherichia coli (MTCC 40), Candida albicans (MTCC 183), Fusarium solani (MTCC 2935) using agar well diffusion method. Some of the tested compounds exhibited activity against all the microorganisms.  In particular, compounds 12, 19 and 22 were found to be active against all the tested bacterial strains and fungal strain Candida albicans. It was concluded that number and position of electron withdrawing substituents affects the activity.

The present review highlights human vagina as a valuable route of drug delivery due to its large permeation area, rich vascularization, avoidance of first pass metabolism and relatively low enzymatic activity designed for achieving both local and systemic applications. Vagina is the best route used for administration of drugs like antifungal, contraceptives steroids, peptides and antifungal drugs. The rate and extent of drug absorption through vaginal route may fluctuate depending upon vaginal physiology, age of patients, stage of menstrual cycle, pathological conditions, and formulation factors. This route offers the ease of convenience, good blood supply, absence of GIT and hepatic first pass metabolism and permeability to large molecular weight drugs. Several drawbacks like personal hygiene, gender specificity, cultural sensitivity and local irritation need to be considered while the designing the vaginal formulation. Thus, purpose of this study is to provide the summary of advances undergone in the field of vaginal drug delivery currently available in the market and challenges associated with systemic delivery of drug via vaginal route. This review also highlights the benefits of vaginal route as drug delivery.

To investigate the phytoconstituents of ethanolic extract of Amorphophallus campanulatus decne tuber using GC-MS. GC-MS analysis of Amorphophallus campanulatus decne tuber was performed by using Agilent 6890 GC with 59739N MSD and GC -MS equipped with Elite–I fused with silica capillary column(Cpsil 8cb:30mm×25mm×0.25mm).The result of GC-MS analysis confirmed the presence of 10 compounds. The most prevailing compounds are heaxadecanoic acid, 9, 17-octadecadienal, Octadecanoic acid, heptacosane, 1-cholro, nosacosone, ergost-5-ene, stigmassterol, etc. the presence of phytoconstitutents reveals the presence of medicinal value.