Saponins

Achillea millefolium L. typically known as Yarrow is an interminable herb neighborhood to North America, Northern Asia, and Southern Europe. Plant Belongs to family Asteraceae, which have diverse restorative repairing properties for human life. A. millefolium contains dynamic constituents like are luteolin, quercetin, apigenin, artemetin, betonicine, stachydrine, trigonelline, palmitic destructive linoleic destructive, aspartic destructive, glutamic destructive, camphor, linalool, azulene, chamazulene, sabinene, achillin, 1,8-cineole and various others. The objective of this work was search the closeness of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, antraquinones, antraquinonic and cardiovascular glycosides in leaves of A. millefolium created at the "Horto de Plantas Medicinais e Tóxicas da Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara-UNESP, São Paulo" through depiction reactions. In A. millefolium leaves the specific depiction reactions for alkaloids, antraquinonic and heart glycosides and antraquinones presented negative results. A bit of the depictions performed for flavonoids showed positive reactions. The closeness of thick and hydrolyzable tannins similarly as saponins was portrayed. Considering the delayed consequences of phytochemical screening, the antibacterial activity of the A. millefolium leaves separate was surveyed, yet showed negative results.

Cyperus rotundus Linn. (Family: Cyperaceae), commonly known as Mothais a multivalent plant widely used in traditional medicine around the world for treatment of various diseases (fever, dysentery, malaria, skin disease, diarrhoea etc.). The present study was carried out to investigate the phytochemical profile of leaves of Cyperus rotundus. The powder of the leaves of Cyperus rotundus was successively extracted with acetone, aqueous, benzene, chloroform, cyclohexane, ethylacetate and methanol. A number of biologically active compounds have been isolated from the plant. Phytochemical analysis shows the presence of carbohydrates, glycosides, proteins, amino acids, phenolic compounds, tannins, steroids, anthraquinone, anthocyanin, flavonoid, saponins and alkaloid. Our findings provided evidence that crude aqueous and organic solvent extracts of these tested plants contain medicinally important bioactive compounds and it justifies their use in the traditional medicines for the treatment of different diseases. The result of the study could be useful to description and foundation of monograph of the plant. Key words:  Phytochemical analysis, Saponins, Flavonoids and Cyperus rotundus.