Murraya koenigii

The global rise in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has intensified the search for plant-derived alternatives with therapeutic potential. Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng., a plant valued in traditional medicine, is rich in bioactive compounds, though its bark has not been extensively studied. This research aimed to analyze the phytochemical constituents and evaluate the antibacterial properties of the methanolic extract of M. koenigii bark sourced from the Botanical Garden of VJ’s College of Pharmacy, Rajahmundry. The bark was dried, ground, and extracted using methanol via maceration. Standard qualitative tests were used to identify secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, triterpenoids, and cardiac glycosides. The extract’s antibacterial activity was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using the agar well diffusion method, with Amikacin as the positive control and methanol as the negative control. The extract demonstrated a rich phytochemical profile and showed dose-dependent antibacterial effects. Maximum inhibition was observed at 400 mg/mL with zones of 15.3 mm (S. aureus), 13.8 mm (E. coli), and 12.5 mm (P. aeruginosa). The study indicates that M. koenigii bark methanolic extract possesses significant antibacterial activity, suggesting its potential as a plant-based antimicrobial agent.

Murraya koenigi is a medium sized tree belonging to the family Rutaceae. The major constituents present in the Murraya koenigii leaves treat burns, bruises. Ayurveda is a traditional Indian medicinal system practiced for thousands of years. Natural remedies are more acceptable in the faith that they are safer with less side effects than the synthetic ones. The novel formulations are reported to have remarkable advantages over conventional formulations of plant actives and extracts which include enhancement of solubility, bioavailability, protection from toxicity, enhancement of pharmacological activity, enhancement of stability, improved tissue macrophages distribution, sustained delivery and protection from physical and chemical degradation. Our main purpose is to treat/heal wound at faster rate with minimum side effects. Nanosponges alone are difficult to use on local tissues because they diffuse away to other parts of the body very quickly so to overcome the drawback we combined nanosponges with the herbal extract of Murraya Koenigii. According to literature survey it was found that etanolic and aqueous extract shows good wound healing results. Research on curry leaves revealed that they are also effective in fighting bacterial and fungal infections. The leaf extracts from the plant have been comparable to popular main stream antibiotic drugs. During this research work, we prepared ethanolic extract of Murraya Koenigii leaves and prepared nanosponges from it for treating burn wound. The nanosponges are prepared by Quasi emulsion solvent diffusion method. The prepared nanosponges were evaluated for various in-vitro parameters and the results obtained were satisfactory.

Target drug delivery is beneficial for the delivery of pharmaceutical product to its appropriate site and with the resurgence in the use of herbal therapies as health care medication and this new field of drug delivery holds intensive research. The purpose of the current study was to design, gastroretentive  mucoadhesive tablets using powdered leaves of Murraya koenigii and to optimize  a product using natural gums and their combinations. The gastroretentive, boiadhesive drug delivery prolongs the residence time of the dosage form at the site of absorption and facilitates an intimate contact of the dosage form with the underline absorption surface and thus contribute to improve and/or better therapeutic performance of the drug and shows promising future in enhancing the bioavailability and specific needs by utilizing the physiochemical characters of both the dosage form and the mucosal lining Gastroretentive, mucoadhesive tablets using powdered leaves of Murraya koenigii were prepared using direct compression method and evaluated for parameters such as Weight variation, Hardness, Friability, Drug content, Swelling index, In –vitro drug release study, In – vitro and In – vivo mucoadhesive strength. Different types of natural gums such as Carbopol, Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and a gas – generating agent (Sodium bicarbonate) were used. The investigation shows that the tablet composition and mechanical strength have the greatest influence on the floating properties and the drug release. With the incorporation of a gas – generating agent, along with the polymers, increased optimum floating (floating lag time to 30 minutes, and the duration of floating > 8 hours ). The drug release was also increased and was sufficiently sustained (more than 8 hours) and non –Fickian transport of the drug was confirmed.