Najeeb Jahan

The present study was design to standardize and develop scientific data for identification and quality control of Oleo Resin of Pine. The proximate analysis and nature of Oleo Resin of Pine (ORP) was confirmed by organoleptic, physiochemical characterization and fluorescence analysis. The preliminary phytochemical analysis was done by qualitative chemical tests. The total chemical components were confirmed by TLC and HPTLC analysis in suitable solvent system. Identification of chemical compounds, their molecular weight and structure were detected by GC-MS and the functional groups were detected by FTIR. Thermal analysis was carried out by DSC. The organoleptic and physiochemical data showed characteristic features of ORP. The preliminary phytochemical analysis of hydroalcholic extract of ORP showed presence of carbohydrates, glycosides, alkaloid, phytosterols, terpenes, saponins and phenols. The DSC thermogram of powder of ORP showed enthalpy of transition more than zero for all the 4 endothermic peaks. The GC-MS chromatogram of ORP revealed the presence of two compounds, Longicyclene at RT 21.11 and Longifolene at RT 22.03. TLC and HPTLC fingerprinting of ORP showed separation of components in Toluene: Ethyl acetate (93:7) mobile phase at 254, 366, 550nm.The FTIR spectrogram of ORP showed the seven characteristic bands assigned to different functional groups. The observations and results of the study have provided evidence based scientific data for standardization of ORP which will serve as reference standards to establish its identity, purity and also help to minimize adulteration and substitution. Keywords: Standardization; Oleo Resin of Pine; HPTLC; GCMS; FTIR; DSC

Sirka (vinegar) is used since thousands of years for flavouring, preserve foods and therapeutically. Vinegar is derived from the French word vin aigre, meaning “sour wine”. It is prepared with the help of an organism called Ummul khal (mother of vinegar) which play a key role in fermentation. Fermentation made from any fermentable carbohydrate source, dates, apples, grapes, sugar cane, honey, malt, grains, whey etc. In Unani medicine, the term sirka is commonly applied for Sirka angoori (vinegar of grapes) which is used both internally as well as externally due to its Saree-al-nufooz (rapidly diffusible), muhallil (resolvent), qabiz (astringent) properties in many diseases. In vinegar 4-5% of hydrogen acetate is found which is called as Jauhare Sirka. In India, the most commonly used and prepared sirka is of Aab e neeshkar (Sugarcane juice) or of Jaggery called as Sirka Qandi.

The family of Rutaceae contains extremely wide variety of aromatic plants, mainly in tropical regions. Among them the rich is the genus Ruta. It is now cultivated in many parts of the world. This plant is considered indigenous in South Europe and North Africa and it grows on waste stony ground. Rue (Ruta graveolens) has been used for centuries as a medical preparation and has a variety of roles, probably because of its varied chemical composition. This plant is commonly cultivated in India and is commonly called as sudab or sadab. In traditional system of medicine it is used as stimulant, emmenagogue, diuretic, abortefacient, and resolvent. Detailed and comparative studies from its traditional use especially with reference to Unani system of Medicine, to the modern scientific reports have been evaluated in this paper. Keywords: Sudab; Ruta graveolens; Unani system of Medicine; Flavonoid.