phytochemical

This article provides a review on the pharmacological effects of Aegle marmelos. It is belonging to Rutaceae family. The Aegle marmelos is also known as Bael, Bilwa and wooden apple plant. It contains various bioactive components in leaves, flowers, fruits, wood, root, and bark which has different biological activities and high therapeutic importance. The phytochemical compounds which are isolated from the Aegle marmelos are Coumarins (Marmelosin, marmesin, imperatorin), alkaloids (Aeglin, aegelenine), Tannins (skimmianine), Carotenoids and seed oils and other miscellaneous compounds. The phytochemical components of this plant showed various pharmacological and biological activity against certain chronic diseases like cancer, cardiovascular disease, immunosuppressive disease and gastrointestinal disorder. The different parts of this plant extract possess pharmacological activities like anticonvulsant, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, antihyperglycemic, anxiolytic, antidepressant, antihistaminic, antimicrobial, hepato protective, analgesic, immuno modulatory, cardio protective and antithyroid activities. The present review summarizes the information about botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, biological activities and insecticidal properties of A. marmelos plant.

Talinum fruticosum.L (Talinaceae) is a erect, stout, fleshy, perennial herb. It is used as a leaf vegetable. It contain rich in vitamins including vitamin A and C and minerals such as iron and calcium. The present work highlights phytochemical and antimicrobial studies of Talinum fruticosum. The whole plant were collected from Kasaragod district and subjected to successive solvent extraction. The next step the various extracts of the plant were tried to phytochemical screening. The phytochemical screening shows the presence of flavonoids glycosides carbohydrates and protein. the chloroform and methanolic extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening. The chloroform extract shown the activity against gram positive organism. The phytoconstituents like flavonoids, glycosides are responsible for this activity. The phytochemical studies gave confirmation of the above said result.

Qualitative analysis of phytochemical screening of P. florida and P. djamor mushroom fruit body was studied. Nine solvents viz: 20% Methanol, Ethanol, chloroform, Ethyl acetate, Petroleum ether, Acetone, Hexane, Benzene, and Water were used to obtain extracts from fruit body powders of mushroom parts. The extracts were subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening using standard procedures. Result showed that nine phytochemicals screened were present. They are alkaloids, Carbohydrates and Proteins, present in all extract of both sample. However Tannins, Oxalate, phenols, quinones, were absent in both sample in all extracts. Flavonoids, sterols present in 3 extracts (i.e) methanol, ethanol, acetone and 2 types of sample solvent extracts. The diversity of phytochemicals found present suggests that P. florida and P. djamor could serve as a source of useful drugs. Key words: Pleurotus florida, Pleurotus djamor ,phytochemical, different solvent extracts.

In the last few decades there has been an exponential growth in the field of herbal medicine. Herbal medicines have been the basis of treatment and cure for various diseases and physiological conditions in traditional methods of practice such as Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha. Medicinal components from plants play an important role in conventional as well as western medicine. They were the sole source of active principles capable of curing man’s ailments. Thus natural products have been a major source of drugs for centuries. Mimusops elengi, commonly called ‘Bakul’ is a medicinally important plant of family sapotaceae. All parts of the plant including stem, bark, leaves, fruit, root and seeds in all stages of their maturity have medicinal properties. Taking into consideration the medicinal importance of the plant, the present review has made to explore the phytochemical and pharmacological potential of Mimusops elengi.

In traditional medicine, there are many natural crude drugs that have the potential to treat many disease and disorders, one of them is Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub (Syn. Butea frondosa; Family Fabaceae) popularly known as 'palas', and commonly known as ‘Flame of forest’. Butea monosperma is a tree of tropical and subtropical climate found throughout the drier parts of India, often gregarious in forests, open grasslands and wastelands. It grows on a wide variety of soils including shallow, gravelly sites, black cotton soil, clay loams, and even saline or waterlogged soils. It is an erect, medium sized tree of 12-15 m high, with a crooked trunk and irregular branches. There are various species of Butea monosperma available over the world. The leaves 3 foliate, large and stipulate. Number of constituents belonging to imides, lactones, flavonoids, sterols, and alkaloids has been reported from various species of Butea. Butea monosperma is considered as a good source for products such as fodder, fuel, fibre, timber, gum or resin, dyestuff and traditionally in number of ailments. Pharmacologically Butea monosperma has been reported for various activities such as anthelmintic, anticonceptive, anticonvulsive, antidiabetic, antidiarrhoeal, antiestrogenic and antifertility, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, antifungal, antibacterial, antistress, chemopreventive, haemaggultinating, hepatoprotective, radical scavenging, thyroid inhibitory, antiperoxidative and hypoglycemic effects and wound healing activities. The present review discusses the morphology, ethanobotany, phytochemical constituents, and traditional uses of each part of plants as well products of plant and pharmacological activities of each part of plant in details.