diabetes mellitus

The use of different solvents to extract plant materials is to obtain component of utmost activity for the management of various disease conditions. Cocoa powder was subjected to different menstruum (aqueous, ethanol, n-hexane and chloroform) to remove inert materials and obtain pure active components whose effect was determined. Diabetes was induced in forty female Albino rats divided randomly into five groups, each consisting of eight rats, using 120mg/kg body weight alloxan. Different extracts of the powder were administered orally for twenty one days at a dose of 200mg/kg each except in the diabetic untreated group. Fasting blood sample was collected from the tail vein daily to determine the blood glucose concentration. On 22nd day, fasting blood samples were collected from all the rats for lipid profile estimation. Results showed a significant decrease (P

The patients who undergo Coronary Artery Bypass Graft surgery or Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty have co-morbid conditions that could negatively influence their survival. Diabetes Mellitus, COPD, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Anxiety and Depression could affect the outcome. Diabetes Mellitus is a risk factor for coronary artery disease. COPD patients could experience pneumonia and atrial fibrillation as complications. Rheumatoid arthritis patients are highly prone to inflammatory process which is the underlying pathology for atherosclerosis and can be a prognostic factor for CAD as well as chances for increased re-occlusion in patients undergoing coronary revascularising procedures. Anxiety and depression are negative emotions that adversely affect the outcome of patients. The co-morbid conditions should be effectively evaluated and managed.

Gymnema sylvestre has been extensively evaluated for its in vitro and in vivo activity against diabetes mellitus. The leaves of the shrub Gymnema sylvestre contain a complex of pentacyclic triterpenes known as gymnemic acids that have been reported as potential therapeutic agents in the treatment of diabetes. The present study reveals the relationship between the structure and function of the medicinally important constituents of this plant. To understand the binding mechanisms of these active constituents, molecular modelling studies has been performed with dipeptidyl peptidase-4, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, sodium potassium ATPase, aldose reductase and glycogen synthase kinase-3β as target proteins using XP docking program of Glide, version 9.2, Schrödinger suit. These constituents showed favourable interactions with the amino acid residues at the active site, their by substantiating their proven efficacy as antidiabetic agents. The present study also gives an insight to the probable herb-drug interaction and reason for sudden hypoglycemic shocks that may occur on concurrent administration of Gymnema extract and synthetic drug, Glimepiride, for the treatment of diabetes.