Permeation enhancers

Current innovation in pharmaceuticals determine the merits of mucoadhesive drug delivery system is particularly relevant than oral control release, for getting local systematic drugs distribution in GIT for a prolong period of time at a predetermined rate. The demerits relative with the oral drug delivery system is the extensive presystemic metabolism, degrade in acidic medium as a result insufficient absorption of the drugs. However parental drug delivery system may beat the downside related with oral drug delivery system but parental drug delivery system has significant expense, least patient compliance and supervision is required. By the buccal drug delivery system the medication are directly pass via into systemic circulation, easy administration without pain, brief enzymatic activity, less hepatic metabolism and excessive bioavailability. This review article is an outline of buccal dosage form, mechanism of mucoadhesion, in-vitro and in-vivo mucoadhesion testing technique.

The aim of the proposed work was to develop stable mucoadhesive in situ (Phenylepherine HCL) thermo-reversible nasal gel by cold technique and evaluated its efficacy against congestion due to allergic rhinitis. By means of hit and trial methodology screened formulations were prepare via numerous thermo-sensitive hydro-Gel (Pluronic F-127, Poloxamer 407) and muco-adhesives (Carbopol 934-P, Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30, Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), Sodium alginate and methylcellulose) and characterized. Out of 15 formulations; T1, T5, T7, T12 & T14 formulation compositions were selected on the basis of drug released (in-vitro or ex-vivo release found approx. up-to 97.8%) behavior, gelation and mucoadhesive strength. Resulted, drug transformed (crystalline to amorphous) form in gel state was indicated better drug absorption due to its improved physicochemical parameters. Additionally, optimized formulation (T1) histopathology and stability studied has been demonstrated none nasal mucosa damage and stable at storage conditions according to the ICH guidelines respectively. Therefore, the developed optimized thermo-reversible in-situ nasal (T1) gel was showed tremendous local safety action which can be considered to use for allergic nasal congestion and explore, further.