Evaluation.

Scientific and technological developments in the research and development of new drug delivery systems have been made in recent years by resolving physiological disorders, such as short gastric residence periods and unpredictable gastric emptying times. Dosage forms that can be hold within the stomach are called as Gastro-retentive Dosage Forms (GRDF). Multiple methods used in the prolongation of gastric residence time are floating drug delivery system, swelling and expanding system, polymeric bio-adhesive system, high density system and other delayed gastric emptying system. Medication-based disease treatment is entering a new era in which a increasing range of innovative drug delivery technologies are being used and are available for clinical use. Floating Drug Delivery Systems (FDDS) is one of the gastro-retentive dosage forms used to achieve extended duration of gastric residency. The aim of writing this review on floating drug delivery systems (FDDS) was to compile the recent literature with particular focus on the main floating mechanism to achieve gastric retention. Sustained oral release of gastrointestinal dosage types provides many benefits for drugs with absorption from the upper sections of the gastrointestinal tract and those that function locally throughout the stomach. This review includes the physiology, factors controlling gastric retention time, excipient variables influencing gastric retention, approaches to designing single-unit, hydro-dynamically balanced system and multi-unit floating structure, and aspects of their classification, formulation and evaluation are discussed in detail, and few applications of these systems.

Targeted drug delivery systems deliver the drug to the site of action. Colon Targeted drug delivery is considered as one of the most convenient pathway for the delivery of the drugs or therapeutic agents and used in the treatment of the local diseases. Microencapsulation is widely used in the pharmaceutical and other sciences to mask taste/odors, prolong release, impart stability to drug molecules, improve bioavailability, and as multiparticulate dosage forms to produce controlled or targeted drug delivery. Microencapsulation is the process in which small droplets or particles of liquid or solid material are surrounded or coated by a continuous film of polymeric materials. Microencapsulation system offers potential advantages over the conventional drug delivery systems. In this present article various technologies for the preparation of microcapsules for the purpose of colon targeted drug delivery systems are reviewed.

Oral delivery is at this time the gold standard in the drug manufacturing where it is considered as the safest, most convenient and greatest economical method of drug delivery. One such problem can be solved in the novel drug delivery system by formulating “mouth dissolving tablets” (MDTs) which disintegrates or dissolves rapidly without water within few seconds in the mouth due to the action of superdisintegrant or maximizing pore structure in the formulation. Some tablets are designed to dissolve in saliva remarkably fast, within a few seconds, and are true fast-dissolving tablets. Others contain agents to enhance the rate of tablet disintegration in the oral cavity, and are more appropriately termed fast-disintegrating tablets, as they may take up to a minute to completely disintegrate. Mouth dissolving tablets are solid dosage forms containing drugs that disintegrate in the oral cavity within less than one minute leaving an easy-to-swallow residue. This is seen to affect about 35% of the general population and associated with a number of circumstances like Parkinsonism, mental disability, motion sickness, unconsciousness, unavailability of the water etc. Other groups that may experience problems using conventional oral dosage forms include the mentally ill, the developmentally disabled, and patients who are uncooperative, on reduced liquid-intake plans, or are nauseated. To overcome such difficulties, mouth dissolving tablets have been developed. The aim of this review article is to give an overview on desired characteristics, advantages, preparation techniques and patented technologies of FDTs formulation.

  The objective of this study was to formulate and evaluate gastroretentive effervescent floating  matrix  tablet of two anti-asthmatic drugs, Salbutamol sulphate and Theophylline which are often indicated for the management of asthma, their frequent dosing may reduce compliance, thus making a prolonged release formulation necessary. Tablets were prepared by wet granulation method using Hydroxy propyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as a release retardant agent and sodium bicarbonate and Citric acid as a gas-generating agents. The prepared granules showed satisfactory flow properties and compressibility. Formulations were evaluated for in vitro drug release profile and swelling characteristics. The similarity factor and dissolution kinetics were used as parameters for selection of the best batch. The result of formulation C7 batch showed the best result and was found to extend the release of Salbutamol Sulphate and Theophylline upto 12 hr. and was found to be comparable with marketed sustained released tablet Theoasthalin SR (Cipla). The in- vitro drug release followed Korsemeyer-Peppas kinetics and the drug release mechanism was found to be of anomalous type i.e, swelling and diffusion.