M. Alvin Jose

The objective of the study was to evaluate the anticancer activity of Acetone root extract of Canthium parviflorum Lam. (ARECP) in N-Nitroso N-methyl urea (NMU) induced mammary carcinoma in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Thirty virgin female Sprague-Dawley rats of 55 day old were divided into five groups (normal control, disease control, ARECP 200 mg/kg, ARECP 400 mg/kg, tamoxifen10 mg/kg) of six animals each. The mammary carcinoma was induced by two intraperitoneal doses of N-Nitroso N-methyl urea (NMU) (50mg/kg/body weight each) in 0.9% Nacl (maintained at 40C) at 55 day of age and 4 week after the prior administration. The drug ARECP was administered in two doses, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg orally and compared with the oral dose of tamoxifen (10 mg/kg). ARECP 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, and tamoxifen10 mg/kg decreased the tumor incidences by 33.33%, 50%, and 83.33% and the total number of tumors in group by 33.33%, 60% and 93.33% respectively, when compared to the disease control. ARECP 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, and tamoxifen 10 mg/kg decreased the average tumor burden by 65.06%, 92.16% and 95.72% and average tumor volume by 62.25%, 85.18%, and 93.73% respectively, when compared to disease control group. The results concluded that ARECP prevent the mammary carcinogenesis induced by N-Nitroso N-methyl urea in female Sprague-Dawley rats.

The chronic type-2 diabetes mellitus leads to diabetic nephropathy, which is one of the major microvascular complication of end stage renal disease worldwide and causes premature death in diabetic patients. The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the antidiabetic activity and protective effect on diabetic induced nephropathy of combinations of ethanolic root extract of Asparagus racemosus (REAR) and seed extract of Eugenia jambolana(SEEJ) by using in-vivo model. The in-vivo antidiabetic activity and the effect on diabetic nephropathy was evaluated on streptozotocin- nicotinamide induced type-2 diabetes mellitus in male albino Wistar rats. The in-vivo study showed that blood glucose level was significantly reduced in dose dependent manner when compared to the diabetic control group. In addition, it significantly restored the body weight loss, increased kidney weight, glycosylated haemoglobin, blood urea, blood uric acid, blood urea nitrogen, blood creatinine, urine volume and urine microalbumin levels when compared to diabetic control groups. The report of histopathological study of rat kidney tissues strongly supported the protective effect of combinations of REAR and SEEJ in diabetic nephropathy. The findings of this investigation concluded that combinations of REAR and SEEJ has significant antidiabetic activity and potential protective effect in diabetic nephropathy.