Evaluation of Nephrotoxic Effect of Endosulfan on kidney of Cavia porcellus

Exposure to pesticides both occupationally and environmentally causes a range of human health problems. A vast majority of the population in India are engaged in agriculture and are therefore exposed to the pesticides used in agriculture. Endosulfan formulations are used in commercial agriculture and home gardening. Endosulfan causes degeneration of spermatozoa of mice as well as declined testosterone level. Endosulfan exposure lead to ovarian nuclear degeneration. It also causes altered liver function and hepatomegaly. Thus present study is designed to evaluate nephrotoxic effect of on biochemical and histological parameters of kidney of mice. The ‘treatment’ groups received Endosulfan 2 mg/kg b.w daily by gavage method for four and eight weeks. Animals were sacrificed after the scheduled treatment. Urea, uric acid and creatinine was increased many folds in endosulfan administered group of guinea pig. Degeneration was observed in glomerulus and bowmen’s capsule. Tubular system of nephron show more degenerative changes. It is evident from study that endosulfan exposure causes elevated biochemical parameters of kidney and degenerative changes in tubular system of nephrons of guinea pig leading impaired nephrotoxicity in kidney. Key words: Nephron, Hepatomegly, Glomerulus, Bowmen’s Capsule