silver

Argyria defined the different cosmetic alteration that can develop if enough silver particle deposit in specific tissue, typically in the skin its ranging localized dark-blue mucules to generalized slate gray/bluish tinge systemic absorption. In these work aim is fully review the state of the art regarding etiology, epidermiology, pathophysiology, histology, sign and symptoms, evaluation, treatment and differential diagnosis of argyria. Argyria has been diagnosed in wide range ages and sexes and varied ethicities.

Heavy metal toxicity can result in damaged or reduced mental and central nervous function, lower energy levels and damage to several internal organs. Several bacteria have naturally developed tolerance to a wide range of toxic heavy metals. Some bacteria have also evolved mechanisms to detoxify heavy metals. Among several metals, silver has been reported to possess medicinal property and hence used as an antibacterial agent. Inspite of this few silver resistant bacteria have been reported in clinical and environmental samples. Prevalence of silver resistance among several isolated strains provided the basis of the current investigation to determine the prevalence of silver resistance in clinical isolates. The goals of this study were 1) to isolate the uropathogens 2) to investigate the presence and prevalence of silver resistance of urine isolates taken from urinary tract infected patients and 3) to obtain the antibiogram pattern and 4) to determine the maximum tolerance range of silver by the isolated uropathogens, thereby standardize the concentration of silver as antibacterial agent.

  The present study deals with isolation, identification and characterization of heavy metal resistant bacteria isolated from sewage water collected in and around Trichy district, South India. Initially, among 26 of the total isolates screened from sewage water, one isolate was selected for study based on high level of heavy metal resistances. On the basis of morphological, biochemical, 16S rDNA gene sequencing and phylogeny analysis revealed that, the isolate was authentically identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The sewage isolate exhibited resistance to Silver (Ag), Copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn). The maximum tolerance concentration (MTC) of the isolate against Ag, Cu and Zn was determined in solid media. The uptake of heavy metals, present in sewage and detoxification of metal ions by bacteria provide an additional mechanism of environmental bioremediation. The identified heavy metal resistant bacteria could be useful for the bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated sewage and waste water. Key words: Heavy metals; copper; silver; zinc; metal tolerance