aqueous extract.

The objectives of this study was to examine the antioxidant activities of aqueous extracts of bark of Psidium guajava bellowing to family Myrtaceae, which is originated in Mexico and extends all over the South America, Europe, Africa and Asia. The Psidium guajava is used traditionally  for the treatment of various ailments like  antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-allergy, antimicrobial, antigenotoxic, antiplasmodial, cytotoxic, antispasmodic, cardioactive, anticough, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities. For the antioxidant activity of aqueous extract of bark of Psidium guajava Linn, In-vitro and In-vivo methods are used. In-vitro assessment of the ability of the extract to scavenge the Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was determined with reference to the synthetic antioxidant vitamin C and ascorbic acid was used as standard antioxidants. The scavenging activity of plant extract on hydrogen peroxide was found similar as scavenging activity of vitamin C. The Psidium guajava showed the strong In-vitro antioxidant activity and exhibited over 86.01% inhibition at 12 µg/ml concentration. For In-vivo antioxidant activity catalase (CAT) enzyme level was used. CAT levels were measured in fresh liver tissue using ELISA. CAT in hepatic tissue compared to control group. CAT enzymes were significantly increased when treated with aqueous extract of bark of Psidium guajava. In human beings, the highest levels of CAT are found in the liver, kidney and erythrocytes, where it is believed to account for the majority of H2O2 decomposition. These results show that the Psidium guajava could be considered as a natural antioxidant source.

The love affair of Asian’s with Ling zhi, the Chinese name for Ganoderma lucidum and related species can be traced back over two thousand years. Ganoderma lucidum has been used for a broad spectrum of health benefits from preventive measures and maintenance of health to the regulation or treatment of chronic as well as acute life threatening illness. The present study was done to compare the Aqueous and methanolic extract of Ganoderma lucidum for anthelmintic activity and to compare the methanolic and chloroform-acetone extract of Ganoderma lucidum for antibacterial activity. Aqueous extract of mushroom did not show any result for anthelmintic activity, while the methanolic extract (60 mg/ml) was equally effective as standard (Albendazole 20 mg/ml). For antibacterial activity both the methanolic (350 mg/ml) and chloroform-acetone (350 mg/ml) extracts showed effective results, but the results of choloroform-acetone extract were more effective than methanolic extract and standard (Gentamycin 40 mg/ml). Key words: anthelmintic, antibacterial, methanolic extract, aqueous extract.