Proton pump inhibitors

Gastro esophageal reflux disease is a chronic, recurrent disease that affects millions of people worldwide. Proton pump inhibitors are a group of drugs whose main action is a pronounced and long-lasting reduction of gastric acid production. These drugs are utilized in the treatment of many conditions such as Dyspepsia, Peptic ulcer disease, Gastro esophageal reflux disease. Currently proton pump inhibitors are available in both oral and injectable formulation. Proton pump inhibitors are substituted benzimidazoles that inhibit gastric acid secretion via inhibition of the gastric H+/K+ ATPase pump. Although there are some differences in pharmacokinetics and binding affinity for the pump, these drugs are comparatively similar in their efficacy in treatment of gastric diseases. The delayed release proton pump inhibitors effectively suppress gastric acid secretion and successfully treat acid-related disorders. Each differs somewhat in its formulations. The difference in the formulations has not been translated  into clinical advantages over the delayed release proton pump inhibitors. Novel multiple formulations approaches are required for proton pump inhibitors to enhance acid suppression. Although the individual proton pump inhibitors have similar efficacy in many cases, differences between them should be considered when choosing a treatment regimen.

Acid-related disorders, including gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD), duodenal ulcers, and gastric ulcers, are managed by H2 receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). PPIs represent first choice for treating acid-peptic ulcers inhibits the gastric- H+/ K+ -ATPase through covalent binding to cysteine residues of the proton pump. Achlorhydria and acute renal failure are the most common drawbacks. A reversible acid pump antagonist (APAs), currently in clinical trial removes these problems. The APAs are the conceivable future drugs for the treatment of acid-peptic disorders.