Euphorbia hirta

The genus Euphorbia is unique, which covers highly reputed medicinal plants useful in various treatment of diseases like asthma, bronchitis, hay fever, cancer and inflammation. The present study includes comparative pharmacognostic and phytochemical standardization of aerial parts of two Euphorbia species i.e. E. hirta L. and E. thymifolia L. The comparisons of both species were carried out by various standardization parameters such as macroscopy, microscopy, powder study, leaf constant, physicochemical analysis, mineral content, qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening and TLC study. The results of the present study showed various distinguished characters in two species which could serve as an indicator for authentification and identification of E. hirta and E. thymifolia based on their standardization parameters.

Euphorbia hirta is native to India but is a pan tropical weed. It is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of boils, wounds and control of diarrhoea and dysentery. Therefore the Crude  from different parts (leaf, and stem) of Euphorbia hirta (Euphorbiaceae) were extracted by different solvents   and screened the antimicrobial activity by disc diffusion assay against five bacteria and 2 Fungi (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi , Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pnemoniae & Aspergillus Niger, Aspergillus flavus). The Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of stem and leaves extracts against each sensitive has also been evaluated. The maximum effect has shown in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7mm in leaf and 6 mm in stem). The leaf is having higher effect than stem. The basic photochemical analysis showed the presence of biologically active compounds in stem and leaf of E.hirta. The minimum effect of extract observed by soxhlet extraction Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5mm in leaf and 3 mm in stem). The Alkaloids extracted  by standard method and its activity also measured Pseudomonas aeruginosa (0.5mm in leaf and 0.6 mm in stem) , Then the crude, alkaloid & pure component of the plant parts (leaf, and stem) is compared. The crude, pure and alkaloids of leaves has higher inhibition than stem. The alkaloid is lower inhibition than crude and pure. In the two part of inhibiting activity Pseudomonas aeruginosa has the maximum effect. In alkaloid inhibiting activity Salmonella typhi has the maximum effect. DNA extracted from the leaf of the plant.