Clinical Pharmacist.

Medication error is an essential variable to determine patient safety. So it is crucial to realize the bottle necks of care giving. Studies proved that the role of clinical pharmacist can attribute to positive outcomes in patient care. The main objective is to assess the impact of the interventions provided by clinical pharmacist in the medical wards. Secondary objectives comprise of evaluating the impact of intervention in the patients with renal failure, assessing the acceptance by physician and estimating the effect of intervention in cost saving. The set of interventions collected are regrouped into various categories like indications, safety, dosing and miscellaneous. Under each category, sub-categories are listed and their respective percentages are explained using pictorial representation. Also, the acceptance rate of the interventions by the physician is calculated. The cost saving accrued because of the interventions is estimated to look into to know how the role of clinical pharmacist can help the patients economically. The interventions are regrouped into: indication – 36.3 %; safety – 40.8 %; dosing – 16.03 % and miscellaneous – 6.8 %. Majority of the interventions are given for safety and the acceptance rate of the interventions by the physicians is high – 87.2 %. It is also found that 40 % of these interventions accrued to cost saving to the patients. There is a possibility of multiple benefits, by allotting a clinical pharmacist for every medical team in the ward. This strategy helps the patients to gain better health care and cost saving.

  Intravenous Incompatibilities are ‘undesirable reactions which occur when two are more drugs are administered through a single intravenous line or given in a single solution’, will leads to experience toxicity or an incomplete therapeutic effect in the patient.   Hence the present study mainly focused on clinical pharmacist assessment in intravenous admixtures administration.This study was an observational, prospective study method. When a single (drug solution) two or more drug (drug-drug solution compatibilities) administered directly into the infusion or in the same infusion line, the compatibility of the drug will be checked by using primary, secondary or tertiary resources. A one day workshop was conducted for the nursing professionals about intravenous incompatibilities for increasing the awareness and for providing of standardized nursing care services while administering of intravenous drugs. The results of this study showed that out of 145 combinations; 25 (17.24%) are compatible, 41 (28.28%) incompatible, 10 (6.9%) variable and 69 (47.58%) undocumented.  Comparative evaluation of pre and post test score percentage of 78 participants showed that,  ≤ 40 percentage score was observed in 37.18% in pre-evaluation test whereas only 5.13% was observed in the post-evaluation test, and interestingly  >80 percentage score was not found in the pre-evaluation test, whereas 7.69% participants  scored in the post-evaluation test . This study showed that Clinical Pharmacist assessment in intravenous admixture will helps in minimizing of incompatibilities ,  unidentified area research gaps , and also make the nurses  to aware about nursing care /precautions in intravenous administration. Key words: Intravenous admixtures, Incompatibilities, Clinical Pharmacist.