V. Muthuviveganandavel

Screening and expression of protease producing 5 strains of Alternaria sp. were obtained from the various places in Chennai, Vellore, Tamilnadu, India. The isolates were positive on tyrosin caesin nitrate agar (1%) and thus are selected as protease producing strain. The microbial growth is revealed by the mycelial dry weight determination. Maximum growth is observed in the case of Alternaria tenuis (0.47 mg). Equally, the maximum growth is observed in Alternaria solani (0.45 mg). Total protein was determined using BSA as standard. Proteinase activity was estimated using casein as the substrate. Finally the enzyme protease was purified by column chromatography. The protein was characterized using SDS-PAGE. Maximum protein content is observed in the case of Alternaria triticola (0.902 mg) and Alternaria triticina (0.753 mg). Maximum proteinase content  is observed in Alternaria triticina  (0.591 mg). This results showed that microbes under study is a good producer of extra cellular protease, which can be beneficial for industries.

  The main objective of the present investigation is to evaluate the analgesic activity of methanolic extract of Nibea maculata and Johnius dussumieri on mice. Analgesic activity of methanolic extract of Nibea maculata and Johnius dussumieri at a dose of 50 mg/Kg and 100 mg /Kg were evaluated against drug pentazocine at a dose of 5 mg/Kg. Adult Swiss albino mice of either sex of six numbers in each group were under taken for study and evaluated by tail flick and tail immersion method. The both doses of Nibea maculata crude methanolic extract and Johnius dussumieri crude methanolic extract were found to produce significant (P

  Fishes have some pronounced pharmacological activities or other properties which are useful in the biomedical area. In the present study crude methanol extracts from 4 species of sciaenidae (Johinus dussumeri, Kathala axillaris, Nibea maculate and Johnius trachy cephalus), Puducherry Coastal Area  were tested against five bacterial pathogens and one fungal pathogens. In bacterial activity the maximum inhibition zone 12mm was observed from Johinus dussumeri methanol extract against (Klebsiella pneumoniae). In antifungal activity maximum inhibition zone 6mm was noted from methanol extract of Nibea maculate against Candida albicans. Out the four species tested only one Nibea maculata has antifungal activity. This shows that fishes extremely strange to the fungal contact and its mediated infection. The antimicrobial property of the sciaenidae fish extracts reveals that they are low enough to bring the effect against pathogens. It may due to the incidence of bacterial presence in their habitat induce the fish to produce the antimicrobial compounds. Meager antimicrobial effect towards fungus may be of due to their rare presence in their habitat. The negative activity of other species could be attributed to the unsuitability of the method of extraction to the antibacterial screening.

Cypermethrin is synthetic pesticide that has been in use for more than a decade. A study of a low-dose exposure of this pesticide in rat administered, followed by determination of enzyme rate constant will highlight early catalytic changes that generally accompanied a toxic response in the animal. Even though, cypermethrin was used at 5 mM, for durations of 6, 12 and 24 h in the different groups of rats, results of the study indicate that simultaneous with changes in enzyme activity and rate constant of selected enzymes in selected tissues and serum. Tissue specific changes in the enzyme rate constant were suggestive of the lack of tissue resistance to pyrethroids.  Key words: Cypermethrin; ALT; AST; ALP; ACP; GGT

  Alpha-cypermethrin (α-CYP) a synthetic pyrethroid (type-II) pesticide. Pyrethroid insecticides have been used in agricultural and home formulations for more than 30 years. Despite their extensive worldwide use, there are relatively few reports of the kinetic profile. Dissolved in alcohol was given to male albino rat for 24hr individual groups at 5, 10, 25 and 50mM dose for each group. The animals were sacrificed after 24hr duration. Biochemical studies were observed in testis. Increased the activity of alkaline phosphatase(ALP) at 24hr duration, while decreased acid phosphatase(ACP) at respective duration. Therefore low doses of alpha-cypermethrin altered testicular biomarker enzyme activities. This may interfere in the functioning of the reproductive system of albino rat.