T.Vyjayanthimala

The goal of the present investigation was to formulate and evaluate chitosan and Eudragit Nanoparticles of Stavudine for antiviral therapy. Nanoparticles of Stavudine were prepared using chitosan, Eudragit S 100, liquid paraffin and Tween-20 using Emulsion droplet coalescence method. The concentration of the polymers Chitosan and Eudragit S 100 were selected based on the results on preliminary screening. The nanoparticles prepared were evaluated for morphology, loading efficiency and in-vitro release. The particle shape and morphology of the prepared Stavudine nanoparticles were determined by SEM analysis. The amount of Stavudine entrapment in the nanoparticles was calculated by the difference between the total amount of drug added to the nanoparticle and the amount of non-entrapped drug remaining in the aqueous supernatant. A Franz diffusion cell was used to monitor Stavudine release from the nanoparticles. The formulations CF1, CF2, EF2 and EF3 showed good drug release from the polymer. The percentage cumulative drug release after 12 hours was 75.54, 75.89, 78.86 and 76.42% respectively. However about 15% initial burst release was found at 1 hour in all formulations. EF2 released 78.86% of Stavudine 12 hours with a burst drug release nearly 14.86% of drug within the initial 1 hour. Formulations 4 out of 8showed good drug release from the polymer, the percentage cumulative drug release after 12 hours were in the range of 72-78 %. Among the four formulations EF 2 (1% Chitosan & 1.5 % EudragitS 100) showed maximum drug release in 12 hours diffusion study and good entrapment efficiency. In-vitro antiviral study revealed thatthe formulated nanoparticles were found to have good viral activity on viral cells in sustained manner.

The purpose of this research was to develop mouth dissolve tablets ofdomperidone andpantoprazole, were prepared by direct compression technique. Pantoprazole inhabits gastric acid formation and thereby it is very efficient for the treatment of gastric and duodenum ulcers. Domperidone, an antiemetic drug, has been used as an add-on treatment in adults and children. The tablets were prepared using microcrystalline cellulose as diluent and  aspartames as sweetening agent along with three different levels of disintegrant. The superdisintegrant used in this study were CCS and SSG. The tablets were evaluated for weight variation, hardness, friability, wetting time, water absorption ratio, disintegration time (DT) and dissolution study. formulation prepared with 30% of CCS showed Disintegration time of 20seconds in vitro. Also the hardness, friability, dissolution rate of prepared tablets (batch F6) were found to be acceptable according to standard limits.

For the past few decades, there has been a considerable research interest in the area of drug delivery using particulate delivery systems as carriers for small and large molecules. Particulate systems like nanoparticles have been used as a physical approach to alter and improve the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of various types of drug molecules.  Nanoparticles promise to revolutionize medicine and increasingly used in drug delivery. The purpose of this review is to explore the design, development of nanotechnology, different method of preparation and application. By making the drug into nanoparticles by using different method of preparation, which may alleviate the manifestations of disease with minimal dose and less toxicity. These drug delivery systems can be potentially translated into targeted cellular and tissue-specific clinical applications designed to achieve maximal therapeutic efficacy with minimal side effects.