T.Tamizh Mani

In the recent year colonic drug delivery has gained importance for delivery of drug for the treatment of local diseases associated with colon and systemic delivery of therapeutic peptides and proteins. Treatment could be more effective if it is possible for drug to be directly delivered to colon. During the last decade there are new developments in site-specific formulations for targeting drug to the colon. Colon has proved to be a site for the absorption of poorly soluble drugs. Micro carriers as colon drug delivery System has gained importance for the delivery of the drug in the colon because of their increase biocompatibility, controlled release of drug and higher stability. This review is discusses in brief about introduction to colon, Micro Carrier as colon drug delivery system. Oral delivery is still the most favorable route of drug administration, especially for chronic therapies where repeated administration of drug is required. Oral administration offers less pain, good patient convenience and reduced risk of cross infection and needle stick injuries.

The anti-ulcer activity of leaves of benzene and pet ether extract of cleome gynandra inn was investigated in  ethanol induced ulcer model in the male wistar albino rats. The parameters evaluated are ulcer index ,volume of gastric juice, gastric acidity, ph of gastric juice. Pet ether and benzene extract  at doses of 150 mg/kg produced significant inhibition of gastric lesion induced by ethanol induced gastric ulcer. The extract shows significant reduction in gastric volume ,and ulcer index when compared to control. The present study indicates that leaves of benzene and pet ether extract of cleome gynandra inn have potential anti ulcer activity in ethanol induced ulcer model. Further the study also implies that dietary polyphenolic phytochemical especially the flavonoid, saponins accumulated in leaves may supply substantial anti-ulcer agents, which in turn may inhibit the development of several chronic  diseases and there by provide health promoting effect.

  A simple, specific, accurate and precise First order derivative UV Spectrophptometry method was developed and validated for the estimation of Efavirenz in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms. The stock solution was prepared by weighing 100 mg of standard EFV in 100 ml volumetric flask with methanol and water (50:50) (Stock solution I). The final stock solution was made to produce 100µg/ml with methanol and water (50:50).Further dilutions were prepared as per procedure. The first derivative amplitude at 238.50 nm was selected for the assay. The linearity was found in the concentration range of 3-18 µg/ml. The Correlation coefficient was 0.999. The regression equation was found to be y = 0.038 x - 0.001. The method was validated for linearity, sensitivity, precision, accuracy and ruggedness. The limit of detection and limit of quantification for estimation of EFV was found to be 0.078µg/ml and 0.236 µg/ml, respectively. Recovery of EFV was found to be in the range of 99.08-99.97 %. Proposed method was successfully applied for the quantitative determination of EFV in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms. These methods were tested and validated for various parameters according to ICH guidelines. The proposed methods were successfully applied for the determination of EFV in capsule formulations. This method was successfully applied to the pharmaceutical dosage form and there no interference of capsule excipients was found in recovery study. Key words: Efavirenz (EFV), ICH (International Conference on Harmonization), and UV- Spectrophotometric method.