Kiran C Nilugal

The research involve formulation and evaluation of three different ophthalmic solutions of Ketorolac tromethamine with three different amino acid transporters. The prepared formulations were subjected to ex-vivo transcorneal permeation and cornea hydration studies through excised goat cornea and the results were compared with those of a prepared standard Ketorolac tromethamine ophthalmic solution. The trans corneal permeation studies were carried out by using an all glass Franz diffusion cell. The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug Ketorolac tromethamine ophthalmic solution is indicated for the temporary relief of ocular itching due to seasonal allergic conjunctivitis and also for the treatment of inflammation following cataract surgery. In the study, the three amino acid transporters used were Lysine, Phenylalanine and Valine which are responsible for protein synthesis and play a significant role in the process of maintaining structural and functional integrity of conjunctiva and retina. The results obtained from the permeation studies of conjugated physical mixtures of Ketorolac tromethamine with different amino acid transporters across the excised goat cornea were observed to exhibit enhanced permeation when compared with the permeation of Ketorolac tromethamine from the standard formulation.

Trees and shrubs products have been used as principal ingredients that aid human health and well-being. Based on the literature review and traditional uses of plant Annonasquamosa (Family; Annonaceae), the present study was aimed to evaluate the CNS depressant activity of ethanol, petroleum ether and aqueous extracts of the leaves of AnnonaSquamosa in albino mice. The rotarod test and diazepam induced sleep test was used to evaluate the activity of extracts interfering with motor co-ordination and sleeping time at a dose of 200 mg/kg. 30 minutes after i.p. administration of extracts. The difference in the fall off time from the rotating rod and onset and duration of sleeping time between the control and the treated mice was recorded. It can be inferred from the results that the A. squamosaleaves extracts were exhibiting interesting aimed activity against the control group, however not on par with that of standard employed. Based on the results we can conclude that the ethanol crude extract of A. squamosaleaves exhibit significant CNS depressant activity.

The present work aims at evaluating the wound healing potential of a traditional plant Piper betle (PB) of both leaves and stem. The ethanolic extract of both Piper betle leaves and stem were investigated to evaluate the rate of wound healing enclosure and the histology of healed wounds in rats. Four groups of adult female albino wisttar rats were experimentally wounded at the dorsal region of the rats. Group 1 animals were left with untreated and set as negative control. Group 2 animals were treated with 10% Povidone Iodine, and set as positive control. Group 3 and 4 treated with ointment formulation containing 10% Piper betle leaves and 10% Piper betle stem leaves extract respectively. All the four groups are treated with for 21 days. Wound healing was assessed by rate of wound closure estimation and histology studies on the 21st day of post wounding. 10% Piper betle stem enhanced the wound healing process by increasing rate of wound closure compared to negative control group. Histological observation also showed better organized tissue and more collagen fibers in 10% Piper betle stem treated group. These results strongly document the significant effect of 10% Piper betle stem extract to accelerates the rate of wound healing and closure in the experimentally induced wound rats.