Avinash S

Even today the most preferred delivery of drugs is still through oral route but because of some inherited limitations with this route, various other routes have been explored including transdermal. Delivery and complete absorption of the drugs is the major concern these days due to various reasons including poor solubility and incomplete bioavailability, this could be due to incomplete presystemic absorption or presystemic degradation. Transdermal drug delivery system is the method by which the drug absorption occurs through the skin primarily for its systemic effect. It provides better therapeutic efficacy and safety for the administration of insulin. Most of the oral anti-diabetic drug exhibit low bioavailability and hence a poor patient compliance. Hence, it can be used as better site for delivery of numerous drugs including proteins and peptides such as insulin.

The present research work focuses on improving the bioavailability of the anti osteoporotic drug Risedronate Sodium. This drug belongs to BCS class III which implies that it is permeability rate limited. Hence an attempt was made to reduce the particle size to nano dimensions using ionotropic gelation technique. In this technique, chitosan was used as the polymer and sodium Tri poly Phosphate was used as the cross linking agent. The resulting nanoparticles were optimized using 32 full factorial design and characterized for their entrapment efficiency, percent yield, in vitro diffusion studies. The particle size and zeta potential was found out and surface morphology was studied using Scanning electron microscopy. The in vivo studies clearly showed a marked improvement in the bioavailability of the nanoparticles as compared to the plain drug suspension.

A rapid, specific, sensitive Ultra-performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for determination of Losartan Potassium, Amlodipine and Hydrochlorothiazide impurities and its degradation products in pharmaceuticals preparation. 16 impurities including degradation as well as process related impurities have been well separated. UPLC was performed on a C18 column with “mobile phase A” consisting of 90:10:0.1 v/v/v of water, Acetonitrile and TFA; while “mobile phase B” consisted of 10:90:0.1v/v/v of water, Acetonitrile and TFA. The mobile phase was pumped in a gradient manner at the flow-rate of 0.35 mL min−1. Ultraviolet detection was performed at 238 nm. Losartan Potassium, Amlodipine and Hydrochlorothiazide and its degradation products along with process impurities were chromatographed with a total run time of 20 minutes. Calibration showed that response of impurities was a linear function of concentration over the range LOQ to 150% of the target concentration (r 2≥0.999) and the method was validated over this range for precision, accuracy, linearity and specificity. For precision study, percentage relative standard deviation of each impurity was