A Study On Prevalence and Drug Utilization in Cardiovascular Diseases In A Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

Cardio Vascular Diseases(CVD) are the leading cause of death and its incidence is rapidly increasing in every region of the world and it remains the major threat to modern society. At present, CVD prevention becomes a major issue for world health and burden on risk factor remains alarmingly high. The main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and drug utilization in CVD. A prospective observational study was carried out in 186 inpatients for a duration of 6 months (October-17 to March-18) in the Medicine Department of AH&RC, B.G.Nagara. The data was collected after obtaining consent from inpatients. Ethical clearance from Institutional Ethical Committee AIMS, B.G.Nagara was obtained. The data was analyzed by using  MS-Excel. Among 186 CVD patients more of males(62.4%) than females(37.6%) were seen, most of them fell in age group of 61-90 years(52.7%). 22% were alcoholics, 32.8% were smokers, 15.6% used tobacco, 39.8% had raised blood-pressure and 21.5% had raised blood-glucose. Among CVD patients hypertension was more prevalent(31.2%) followed by heart failure(15.1%), cardiovascular accident(13.4%), and most prescribed drugs include diuretics (56.3%), Calcium Channel Blockers(CCB)(49%) and anti-coagulants(50.2%). This study can benefit patients in early detection, high risk patients deserving immediate attention and intervention. It was observed that more males suffered from CVD than females; the most common CVD was found to be Hypertension. Major risk factors were alcohol, smoking, raised blood pressure and raised blood glucose. Most prescribed drugs include diuretics, CCB, and anticoagulants.