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📢 Latest Update: New special issue call for papers on "Emerging Technologies in Research" - Submit by March 31, 2025

📢 Latest Update: New special issue call for papers on "Emerging Technologies in Research" - Submit by March 31, 2025

December 2025 Issue 6

Volume 15, Issue 6 - $2025

Volume 15 Issue 6 Cover

Issue Details:

Volume 15 Issue 6
Published:Invalid Date

Editorial: December 2025 Issue 6

Welcome to the 2025 issue of American Journal of PharmTech Research. This issue showcases the remarkable breadth and depth of contemporary research across multiple disciplines. From cutting-edge applications of machine learning in climate science to the revolutionary potential of quantum computing in drug discovery, our featured articles demonstrate the power of interdisciplinary collaboration in addressing global challenges.

We are particularly excited to present research that bridges traditional academic boundaries, reflecting our journal's commitment to fostering innovation through cross-disciplinary dialogue. The integration of artificial intelligence with environmental science, the application of blockchain technology to supply chain management, and the convergence of urban planning with smart city technologies exemplify the transformative potential of collaborative research.

As we continue to navigate an era of rapid technological advancement and global challenges, the research presented in this issue offers both insights and solutions that will shape our future. We thank our authors, reviewers, and editorial board members for their continued dedication to advancing knowledge and promoting scientific excellence.

Dr Hemangi J Patel
Editor-in-Chief
American Journal of PharmTech Research

Articles in This Issue

Showing 17 of 17 articles
Research PaperID: AJPTR156001

Recent Advances in Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems: Emerging Technologies and Future Perspectives

Sangeetha Chowdary, K.V.Ratnamala, Associate Professor, Vasumathi Pole

Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS), particularly in the form of patches, have emerged as a major breakthrough in pharmaceutical science, enabling drugs to be administered directly through the skin in a non-invasive manner. These systems allow controlled and sustained drug release, leading to improved therapeutic efficiency. Unlike conventional oral route Skin, TDDS bypass first-pass metabolism and help maintain consistent plasma drug concentrations. Progress in this field has been driven by the development of innovative materials, novel polymers, advanced permeation enhancers, and smart delivery platforms. The incorporation of nanotechnology has broadened the applicability of TDDS, making it possible to deliver molecules that were previously unsuitable for transdermal administration. Deeper understanding of skin physiology and its barrier functions has facilitated the design of next-generation patches utilizing nanocarriers, microemulsions, and stimuli-responsive polymers. Additionally, approaches such as microneedle arrays, iontophoresis, and sonophoresis have significantly boosted drug permeation across the skin. Several marketed products highlight the practical success of these technologies, while ongoing research continues to refine delivery strategies and evaluation techniques. Overall, the evolution of TDDS has led to more effective, convenient, and patient-friendly therapeutic options, positioning them as a promising platform for addressing complex treatment challenges and catering to diverse healthcare needs in the future.

Transdermal drug delivery systemskin barrierSkin permeationControlled drug releaseTransdermal patch.
350,038 views
105,052 downloads

Contributors:

 Sangeetha Chowdary
,
 K.V.Ratnamala
,
 Associate Professor
,
 Vasumathi Pole
Research PaperID: AJPTR156002

Phytotherapeutic Efficacy of Polyherbal Dispersible Tablets: A Review

Suvarna G. Bhokare, Santosh D. Shelke, Aishwarya Haridas Shinde

Dispersible drug delivery methods are widely utilized nowadays to increase patient compliance and bioavailability. Dispersible tablets have drawn a lot of interest over the last three decades as a better option to traditional tablets and capsules because of their enhanced solubility, stability, and patient compliance. Dispersible tablets may be a better option, particularly for medications that are sensitive to gastrointestinal fluids, to cover up the bitter taste of the medication, and for patients who fall into the paediatric, geriatric, bedridden, postoperative, or other patient categories and may have trouble swallowing traditional tablets and capsules. These tablets instantly break down in the water to create the suspension. The key component of a dispersible tablet is the super disintegrants. When a dispersible tablet comes into touch with water, it becomes moist and swells significantly, which causes it to dissolve rapidly. The improved compliance among patients is facilitated by the new medicine administration mechanism. Among these are pills that dissolve quickly. Benefits of readily dispersed tablets include precise dosage, ease of production and transportation, strong chemical and mechanical stability, and a perfect substitute for elderly and paediatric patients. Because of its many benefits, such as simplicity of ingestion, pain avoidance, adaptability, and, most importantly, compliance from patients, the oral route of taking medication continues to be the most optimal method. The most popular solid dose forms are tablets and capsules.

Polyherbal Dispersible TabletSuper disintegrantsAyurveda
350,107 views
105,061 downloads

Contributors:

 Suvarna G. Bhokare
,
 Santosh D. Shelke
,
 Aishwarya Haridas Shinde
Research PaperID: AJPTR156003

Advances in cosmetic evaluation: Instrumental and sensory methods

Vasumathi Pole, KV Ratnamala, Sangeetha Chowdary

The evaluation of cosmetic products has evolved significantly in recent years, driven by the growing demand for safe, effective, and consumer-friendly formulations. Traditional sensory analysis, which relies on human perception of attributes such as texture, fragrance, spreadability, and overall acceptability, continues to play a crucial role in understanding consumer preferences. However, the limitations of subjectivity and variability have encouraged the integration of advanced instrumental techniques. Modern instrumental methods—including rheology, texture analysis, colorimetry, spectroscopy, chromatography, and imaging technologies—provide objective, quantifiable, and reproducible data that complement sensory evaluations. Together, these approaches enable a more comprehensive assessment of cosmetic performance, stability, and consumer satisfaction. This synergistic use of sensory and instrumental methods not only enhances product development and quality control but also supports regulatory compliance and innovation in the cosmetics industry. The paper highlights recent advances, methodological improvements, and the importance of combining instrumental precision with sensory insights for holistic cosmetic evaluation.

Cosmetic evaluationInstrumental analysisSensory analysisConsumer perceptionRheologyTexture analysis+9 more
349,955 views
105,069 downloads

Contributors:

 Vasumathi Pole
,
 KV Ratnamala
,
 Sangeetha Chowdary
Research PaperID: AJPTR156004

Telmisartan Adverse Drug Reactions: A Clinical Pharmacist’s Review with Case Insight

Bokka Divya Sri Lakshmi, Seeni Sushma Janaki, Abhimalla Sai Satya Surya Tejaswini, Buradakavi Bala Sai Surekha, Jagathi Shyam Venkatanadh, D Veerandra Kumar, Devanaboyina Narendra, Abhinav VKS Grandhi

Telmisartan is a long-acting angiotensin II receptor blocker widely used for hypertension management. Although generally well tolerated, it has been associated with various adverse drug reactions (ADRs) ranging from mild symptoms to serious events. To review telmisartan’s ADR profile from a clinical pharmacist’s perspective and illustrate key insights through a case of drug-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). A comprehensive literature review and analysis of the Pharmacovigilance Programme of India data were conducted. A 40-year-old male who developed pre-renal AKI following dose escalation of telmisartan is presented. Common ADRs include dizziness, headache, diarrhoea, and respiratory symptoms. Serious reactions encompass hyperkalemia, angioedema, hypotension, and AKI. PvPI reports have highlighted rare cutaneous reactions such as lichenoid keratosis. In the case study, serum creatinine rise from 1.3 to 1.8 mg/dL within 48 hours of increasing the telmisartan dose and normalized after discontinuation. Vigilant monitoring and pharmacist-led interventions are essential to detect and manage telmisartan-related ADRs, optimize therapy, and ensure patient safety.

TelmisartanAdverse Drug ReactionsPharmacovigilanceClinical PharmacyAcute Kidney Injury
350,355 views
105,205 downloads

Contributors:

 Bokka Divya Sri Lakshmi
,
 Seeni Sushma Janaki
,
 Abhimalla Sai Satya Surya Tejaswini
,
 Buradakavi Bala Sai Surekha
,
 Jagathi Shyam Venkatanadh
,
 D Veerandra Kumar
,
 Devanaboyina Narendra
,
 Abhinav VKS Grandhi
Research PaperID: AJPTR156005

Role of Processed Aloe vera Mucilage in the Formulation of Sustained Release Repaglinide Matrix Tablets

Aniket Singh, Kamal Goyal, Manish kumar Gupta

The present study focuses on the development and evaluation of sustained release matrix tablets of Repaglinide, a short-acting antidiabetic drug, using processed Aloe vera mucilage as a natural release-modifying agent. The primary objective was to extend the drug release profile, reduce dosing frequency, and improve patient compliance. Aloe vera mucilage was extracted, processed, and characterized for its physicochemical properties, including swelling index, viscosity, and compatibility with the drug through FTIR and DSC studies. Matrix tablets were formulated using the wet granulation method with varying concentrations of Aloe vera mucilage and evaluated for pre-compression and post-compression parameters such as hardness, friability, weight variation, drug content, and in vitro drug release. The release data were analyzed using various kinetic models to determine the mechanism of drug release. Among the formulations, the batch containing a higher concentration of Aloe vera mucilage demonstrated a sustained release of Repaglinide over 12 hours, following a non-Fickian diffusion mechanism. Comparative analysis with synthetic polymers revealed that Aloe vera mucilage exhibited comparable or superior release-controlling potential, supporting its use as an effective natural excipient. The study concludes that processed Aloe vera mucilage can be successfully employed as a cost-effective, biocompatible, and efficient release modifier in the formulation of sustained release matrix tablets of Repaglinide.

Repaglinideanti-diabetic drugMatrix tablets
350,308 views
105,124 downloads

Contributors:

 Aniket Singh
,
 Kamal Goyal
,
 Manish kumar Gupta
Research PaperID: AJPTR156006

A Clinical Study to Evaluate The Efficacy of “HABB-E-IRQ-UN-NASA” in the Management of IRQ-UN-NASA [Sciatica]

Patel Mohd Furqan, Shaikh Imtiyaz, Mohammad Zubair

Irq-un-Nasa is one of the commonest neuralgic pain in the lower limbs, which closely resembles to Sciatica and is clinically defined as pain in the sciatic nerve and its component, which may radiates from low back up to leg. The overall incidence of this condition ranges between 13% and 40%. It has the potential to become chronic and intractable, with significant socioeconomic implications. Conventional therapy for Irq-un-Nasa involves pharmacological, surgical or combined approaches. Pharmacological treatments typically include oral or parenteral administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), epidural injections of anesthetics and corticosteroids, while surgical interventions may involve procedures such as hemilaminectomy or microdiscectomy. These treatments are often expensive and associated with various side effects. In contrast, Unani scholars have successfully managed this condition using oral herbal medicines and regimental therapies (Ilaj Bit Tadbeer), which are considered both safe and cost-effective. The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Habb-e-Irq-un-Nasa in the management of Irq-un-Nasa. The results demonstrate that patients experienced significant relief from severe pain, with symptoms improving to moderate or mild levels. Additionally, there was a notable reduction in tingling, numbness, and paraesthesia.

SciaticaIrq-un-NasaUnani medicineIlaj Bit Tadbeer
350,624 views
105,124 downloads

Contributors:

 Patel Mohd Furqan
,
 Shaikh Imtiyaz
,
 Mohammad Zubair
Research PaperID: AJPTR156007

Phytochemical Evaluation and Dermatological Safety Assessment of Nardostachys jatamansi Root and Curcuma caesia Rhizome Extracts

Patil Kalyani Jaywant, Sneha Singh, Akhilesh Gupta, Amit Modi

This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical profile and antimicrobial potential of extracts derived from Curcuma caesia rhizomes and Nardostachys jatamansi roots. A total of 250 g of Curcuma caesia and 80 g of Nardostachys jatamansi were subjected to solvent extraction. The yields of Curcuma caesia extracts were 2.22% in petroleum ether and 7.15% in ethanol. Phytochemical screening of the ethanolic extracts confirmed the presence of several bioactive constituents, including alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, phenolics, saponins, glycosides, and proteins. The total phenolic content was measured at 171 mg/g for Curcuma caesia and 393 mg/g for Nardostachys jatamansi, expressed in gallic acid equivalents. Similarly, the total flavonoid content was 175 mg/g and 410 mg/g, respectively, in terms of rutin equivalents. A polyherbal gel was formulated using these extracts, with the G3 combination formulation showing superior performance in antimicrobial activity tests, as evidenced by a larger zone of inhibition. Furthermore, dermal safety assessment revealed no skin irritation, indicating its suitability for topical application. Overall, the findings support the potential of this herbal gel as a safe and effective natural antimicrobial agent.

Curcuma caesiaNardostachys jatamansiantimicrobialpolyherbal gel
350,914 views
105,212 downloads

Contributors:

 Patil Kalyani Jaywant
,
 Sneha Singh
,
 Akhilesh Gupta
,
 Amit Modi
Research PaperID: AJPTR156008

Balancing Efficacy and Safety: An In-Depth Review of Diclofenac-Associated Adverse Effects

Shamili Sree Billapati, Mounika Manepalli, Likhita S R T Satti, Meghana Suravaram, Satti Naga Santhosh Reddy, D Veerandra Kumar, Devanaboyina Narendra, Abhinav VKS Grandhi

Diclofenac, a widely prescribed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), remains one of the most commonly used analgesics and anti-inflammatory medications worldwide. Despite its therapeutic efficacy, diclofenac is associated with a spectrum of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) ranging from common gastrointestinal and cardiovascular effects to rare but serious complications, including cutaneous hyperpigmentation and Nicolau syndrome. This comprehensive review examines the drug profile, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, and detailed analysis of reported ADRs. Special attention is given to uncommon but clinically significant reactions such as Nicolau syndrome following intramuscular administration and drug-induced hyperpigmentation. The review provides evidence-based management strategies, risk factor identification, and monitoring protocols essential for safe clinical practice. Through systematic analysis of clinical trials, case reports, and pharmacovigilance data, this review highlights the importance of appropriate patient selection, route optimization, and vigilant monitoring in minimizing diclofenac-associated morbidity.

Diclofenacadverse drug reactionsNicolau syndromehyperpigmentationpharmacovigilance
350,625 views
105,242 downloads

Contributors:

 Shamili Sree Billapati
,
 Mounika Manepalli
,
 Likhita S R T Satti
,
 Meghana Suravaram
,
 Satti Naga Santhosh Reddy
,
 D Veerandra Kumar
,
 Devanaboyina Narendra
,
 Abhinav VKS Grandhi
Research PaperID: AJPTR156009

Market Potential and Consumer Acceptance of Nanotechnology based Medicine

Chaya M* Shubhasheee R, Chaitra B, Ananya B S, Nisarga Yadav M L, Jeevan K

Nanotechnology-based medicines (nanomedicines) are emerging as a major innovation in the field of healthcare, combining nanoscale materials with pharmaceutical sciences to improve diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. This review explores the market potential and consumer acceptance of nanotechnology-based medicines. The nanomedicine market is expected to grow substantially due to increased prevalence of chronic diseases, advancements in targeted drug delivery, and rising investment in research and development.4 However, consumer acceptance is influenced by factors such as safety concerns, cost, ethical implications, and regulatory uncertainty. This paper highlights market dynamics, regional growth, challenges, and recommendations to improve acceptance and commercialization of nanomedicine. Despite these advancements, widespread consumer acceptance of nanomedicines remains influenced by several factors, including safety concerns, ethical considerations, high production costs, and lack of standardized regulatory frameworks. Public perception and awareness also play a critical role in determining market success. Furthermore, regional disparities in access to advanced healthcare technologies, limited infrastructure, and challenges in large-scale manufacturing hinder commercialization. This paper highlights current trends in nanomedicine development, market drivers, and barriers affecting its acceptance. It also discusses the potential impact of nanotechnology on personalized medicine and the pharmaceutical industry’s evolution. To enhance consumer trust and promote broader adoption, there is a need for transparent regulatory policies, ethical guidelines, and extensive clinical evaluation to ensure safety and efficacy. ed medicines hold the review concludes that with proper governance and technological refinement, nanotechnology-bas immense promise for transforming global healthcare systems.

Consumer acceptanceDrug deliveryNanomedicineNanotechnology based MedicineNanocarriers
350,722 views
105,280 downloads

Contributors:

 Chaya M* Shubhasheee R
,
 Chaitra B
,
 Ananya B S
,
 Nisarga Yadav M L
,
 Jeevan K
Research PaperID: AJPTR156010

An Overview Of Nanogel In Pharmaceutical Science

Gatkal Sakshi Ashok, Prof: Megha Kirve

The term “nanogel” describes hydrogel nanoparticles composed of cross-linked hydrophilic polymer networks. This review highlights the various types, applications, and evaluation strategies for nanogels, which are emerging as a highly promising platform for drug delivery. Nanogels demonstrate significant potential in areas such as chemotherapy, diagnostics, targeted organ delivery, and the administration of bioactive compounds. While conventional macroscopic gels react to environmental stimuli relatively slowly and often face challenges like poor pharmacokinetics, limited in vivo stability, and potential toxicity, nanogels and other nanoscale carriers are helping to overcome these limitations. These nanoparticles can selectively swell or collapse in response to external pH changes, offering precise control over drug release. Nanogel formulations represent a convergence of advanced technology and herbal therapeutics, providing innovative delivery systems for herbal drugs due to their high encapsulation efficiency, uniformity, low toxicity, and enhanced stability. This article primarily reviews general strategies and recent advancements in the field. Nanogels are notable for their uniform size, tunable dimensions, minimal toxicity, stability in serum, and responsive behavior, along with high drug-loading capacity. Additionally, current biomedical applications and ongoing clinical trials involving nanogels are briefly summarized. The discussion focuses on different types of nanogels, their synthesis methods, and mechanisms of drug release. Overall, nanogels have gained significant attention as versatile drug delivery systems, particularly for site-specific and controlled release of therapeutic agents.

NanogelPharmaceutical Science
350,944 views
105,303 downloads

Contributors:

 Gatkal Sakshi Ashok
,
 Prof: Megha Kirve
Research PaperID: AJPTR156011

Development and Validation of a UV Spectrophotometric Method for the Simultaneous Estimation of Lornoxicam and Thiocolchicoside in Combined Dosage Form

Sunku Kyathi Nandini¹, K. Vinutha², Sridevi Pingali³ Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sri Venkateshwara College Of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, Telangana

A simple, precise, and accurate UV spectrophotometric method was developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of Lornoxicam and Thiocolchicoside in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations. The method employs methanol as solvent, and absorbance was measured at the respective wavelengths where both drugs showed maximum absorbance with minimal interference. Calibration curves were linear within the concentration ranges of 4–20 µg/mL for Lornoxicam and 5–25 µg/mL for Thiocolchicoside, with correlation coefficients (R²) of 0.9992 and 0.9995, respectively. Validation was carried out according to ICH Q2(R1) guidelines, including parameters such as linearity, accuracy, precision, LOD, LOQ, robustness, and ruggedness. Recovery studies at 50%, 100%, and 150% levels showed recoveries between 98.7–100.1%, indicating high accuracy. The proposed method is suitable for routine quality control of combined dosage forms of Lornoxicam and Thiocolchicoside.

LornoxicamThiocolchicosideUV SpectrophotometrySimultaneous EstimationMethod ValidationPharmaceutical Analysis.
351,139 views
105,347 downloads

Contributors:

 Sunku Kyathi Nandini¹, K. Vinutha², Sridevi Pingali³ Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sri Venkateshwara College Of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, Telangana
Research PaperID: AJPTR156012

Analytical Method Development and Validation by RP-HPLC for Quantitative Determination of Glimepiride in pharmaceutical formulations

Neeru Sharma, Varsha Rani, Nikita Kaushik, Rajat Arora, Meena Yadav

Current study has developed two precise and direct RP-HPLC approaches for quantitative investigation of glimepiride (GLM) in both mass and pharmaceutical formulations. Glimepiride was analyzed using the RP-HPLC method with C-18 stationary phase and mobile phase of methanol and phosphate buffer (PBS) at pH 4.0 in equivalent volume ratio. The location was established at 239 nm wavelength, and the adaptable stage was extracted at a rate of 0.5 mL/mi. The retention time was observed at 2.470 minutes. Present approach was authenticated in terms of linearity, accurateness, precision, system applicability, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), robustness, and ruggedness. It has been demonstrated that the suggested approach is appropriate for monotonous examination of glimepiride in dose and bulk forms, yielding precise results. This method was employed to determine a compound's concentration in commercial pharmaceutical dosage forms. In comparison to alternative chromatographic techniques, this method is more direct, precise, and reproducible, rendering it a superior choice for routine quality control.

RP-HPLCGlimepirideValidationChromatographyPharmaceutical formulation
351,254 views
105,344 downloads

Contributors:

 Neeru Sharma
,
 Varsha Rani
,
 Nikita Kaushik
,
 Rajat Arora
,
 Meena Yadav
Research PaperID: AJPTR156013

Phytochemical Composition and In Vitro Antidiabetic Efficacy of Selected Traditional Rice Varieties

N. Divya, G. Sivapriya, S. Aarthe, J. Dhanusri1 and S. Kishorini

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by sustained hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin secretion, insulin resistance, or both. Enzyme inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase is a proven therapeutic strategy to attenuate postprandial glucose surges. Although synthetic inhibitors such as acarbose are widely used, their gastrointestinal side effects have stimulated interest in natural dietary alternatives. The present study investigates the phytochemical composition and in vitro antidiabetic activity of ethanolic extracts from five rice varieties: Mapillai Samba, Red Rice, Karuppu Kavuni, Karudan Samba, and Ponni Rice. Extracts were prepared using Soxhlet extraction and evaluated for α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition across concentrations ranging from 10 to 500 µg/mL, with acarbose serving as the reference inhibitor. Qualitative phytochemical screening revealed that all varieties contained alkaloids and flavonoids, while pigmented rice types exhibited higher diversity of secondary metabolites. In enzyme assays, Karuppu Kavuni showed the strongest inhibitory activity (91.40% for α-amylase and 91.10% for α-glucosidase at 500 µg/mL), closely comparable to acarbose (93.25% and 95.16%, respectively). Red Rice and Mapillai Samba demonstrated moderate activity, whereas Ponni Rice showed the least inhibition. Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences between rice varieties (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that pigmented rice varieties, particularly Karuppu Kavuni, may serve as functional foods or nutraceutical sources for managing postprandial hyperglycemia. Future in vivo validation and phytochemical characterization are warranted.

Diabetes mellitus?-amylase inhibition?-glucosidase inhibitionpigmented ricephytochemicalsSoxhlet extraction+1 more
351,358 views
105,545 downloads

Contributors:

 N. Divya
,
 G. Sivapriya
,
 S. Aarthe
,
 J. Dhanusri1 and S. Kishorini
Research PaperID: AJPTR156014

Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Nanoparticles for Effective Treatment of Biofilm–Associated Lung Infection

Nandish G N, P M Yashaswini, Roopashree, Darshan Bharamagouda Patil Chinmayi N R

Biofilm-associated lung infections, particularly those caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis patients, represent a major therapeutic challenge. The extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix, metabolic heterogeneity, and microenvironmental gradients within biofilms drastically reduce antibiotic penetration and efficacy. Nanoparticle (NP)-based therapeutics offer unique advantages, such as enhanced biofilm penetration, controlled release, and localized delivery via inhalation. This review summarizes the latest developments in the design, synthesis, and characterization of nanoparticles intended for treating biofilm-associated pulmonary infections. The discussion emphasizes materials selection, fabrication routes, and physicochemical parameters influencing antibiofilm performance, with critical perspectives on translational challenges, safety, and future directions.

NanoparticlesBiofilmLung infectionPulmonary drug deliveryAntimicrobial resistanceNanomedicine
351,416 views
105,554 downloads

Contributors:

 Nandish G N
,
 P M Yashaswini
,
 Roopashree
,
 Darshan Bharamagouda Patil Chinmayi N R
Research PaperID: AJPTR156015

A Review on the Pravastatin Drug

Govind Reddy G, K. M. Manjanna, V Radha

Pravastatin is widely used antihyperlipidemic drug, exhibits poor aqueous solubility and low dissolution rate, which limit its oral bioavailability. The present study focuses on the design, development and evaluation of the pravastatin solid dispersion tablets prepared by the direct comparison method to enhance dissolution efficiency. Solid dispersions were characterized by using the FTIR, Melting point Analysis, and calibration studies, while the flow properties such as bulk density, tapped density, angle of repose, Carr’s index were determined to ensure suitable compressibility.

StatinsPravastatinDirect Compression methodSolid dispersionDrug profile.
351,560 views
105,476 downloads

Contributors:

 Govind Reddy G
,
 K. M. Manjanna
,
 V Radha
Research PaperID: AJPTR156016

Residual Solvents Quantitation Method for Lasmiditan Hemisuccinate API by HSGC-FID

Ponnoju Vijay Bhaskar, Shaik Anil Kapoor, Ambala Varun Kumar, Awari Raghavendra, Mandem Maheswar Reddy, Nukapanugu Tejasri, Edhara Venkata Reddy, Dubbaka Yakaiah, Vegiraju Bala Surya Varma, Thandavamurthy Karthikeyan, Aambala Nanda Kishore Kumar Reddy

Lasmiditan Hemisuccinate (LDT) is an innovative medication designed for the treatment of acute migraines, operating by activating 5-HT1F receptors found within the central nervous system. The synthesis of LDT necessitates the use of various solvents. According to regulatory standards, assessing the levels of residual solvents in drug substances is imperative in API (Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients). Present study concentrates on the evaluation and validation of a method for quantifying residual solvents like methanol, acetone, isopropyl alcohol, dichloromethane, methyl ter. butyl ether, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-heptane in LDT. Analysis was conducted using a DB-1 capillary column, measuring 60 meters in length with an internal diameter of 0.32 mm and a film thickness of 5 µ. The oven temperature was set to 65°C for 12 minutes, followed by a ramping rate of 15°C per minute to reach 85°C, where it was held for 5 minutes. Subsequently, a second ramping phase increased the temperature at a rate of 10°C per minute until it reached a final temperature of 220°C, which was maintained for 5 minutes. The injector temperature was maintained at 200°C and nitrogen was utilized as the carrier gas with 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) diluent serving as the sample solvent. A suitable sensitive and robust HSGC-FID method is developed for quantitation of residual solvents with flame ionization (FID) detector. The evaluated method can applied to analyse of solvents present in a various range of APIs, intermediates.

Residual solventsLasmiditan HemisuccinateMethod validation
351,745 views
105,559 downloads

Contributors:

 Ponnoju Vijay Bhaskar
,
 Shaik Anil Kapoor
,
 Ambala Varun Kumar
,
 Awari Raghavendra
,
 Mandem Maheswar Reddy
,
 Nukapanugu Tejasri
,
 Edhara Venkata Reddy
,
 Dubbaka Yakaiah
,
 Vegiraju Bala Surya Varma
,
 Thandavamurthy Karthikeyan
,
 Aambala Nanda Kishore Kumar Reddy
Research PaperID: AJPTR156017

Gastroprotective potential of Trichosanthes dioica (Roxb.) Leaves: A Critical and Comprehensive Scientific Appraisal

Devansh Mehta

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) constitutes one of the most persistent gastroenterological disorders worldwide, with significant morbidity linked to gastric acid hypersecretion, oxidative stress, Helicobacter pylori infection, NSAID exposure, and compromised mucosal defensive integrity. Although numerous pharmacological options—including proton pump inhibitors, H? antagonists, prostaglandin analogues, and antibiotics—are available, their long-term utility remains constrained by adverse effects, recurrence, microbial resistance, and inadequate mucosal restitution. This has catalysed renewed scientific interest in botanicals with multifaceted gastroprotective actions. Trichosanthes dioica (Roxb.) leaves represent a phytochemically dense cucurbitaceous plant component historically utilized in Indian ethnomedicine for gastrointestinal, metabolic, hepatic, and inflammatory conditions. However, compared to fruits and roots, the leaves remain considerably under-investigated despite their rich flavonoid, phenolic, triterpenoid, saponin, and cucurbitacin profile. This review undertakes a rigorous pharmacognostic, phytochemical, mechanistic, and experimental examination of the gastroprotective potential of T. dioica leaves. Mechanistic emphasis is placed on antioxidant reinforcement, modulation of oxidative microenvironment, regulation of prostaglandin-mediated defence, inhibition of parietal proton pump activity, suppression of inflammatory cascades, stabilization of mast cells, modulation of nitric oxide bioavailability, and acceleration of epithelial restitution. The article aligns with the structural, stylistic, and referencing standards of the American Journal of PharmTech Research (AJPTR). The cumulative evidence demonstrates that T. dioica leaves exhibit significant gastroprotective effects, warranting their consideration as a promising phytopharmaceutical candidate for future antiulcer therapeutics.

Trichosanthes dioicaGastroprotectionPeptic Ulcer DiseaseAntioxidantsPhytopharmacology
352,095 views
105,518 downloads

Contributors:

 Devansh Mehta

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