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📢 Latest Update: New special issue call for papers on "Emerging Technologies in Research" - Submit by March 31, 2025

📢 Latest Update: New special issue call for papers on "Emerging Technologies in Research" - Submit by March 31, 2025

August 2021 Issue 4

Volume 11, Issue 4 - $2021

Volume 11 Issue 4 Cover

Issue Details:

Volume 11 Issue 4
Published:Invalid Date

Editorial: August 2021 Issue 4

Welcome to the 2021 issue of American Journal of PharmTech Research. This issue showcases the remarkable breadth and depth of contemporary research across multiple disciplines. From cutting-edge applications of machine learning in climate science to the revolutionary potential of quantum computing in drug discovery, our featured articles demonstrate the power of interdisciplinary collaboration in addressing global challenges.

We are particularly excited to present research that bridges traditional academic boundaries, reflecting our journal's commitment to fostering innovation through cross-disciplinary dialogue. The integration of artificial intelligence with environmental science, the application of blockchain technology to supply chain management, and the convergence of urban planning with smart city technologies exemplify the transformative potential of collaborative research.

As we continue to navigate an era of rapid technological advancement and global challenges, the research presented in this issue offers both insights and solutions that will shape our future. We thank our authors, reviewers, and editorial board members for their continued dedication to advancing knowledge and promoting scientific excellence.

Dr Hemangi J Patel
Editor-in-Chief
American Journal of PharmTech Research

Articles in This Issue

Showing 7 of 7 articles
Research PaperID: AJPTR114001

A Systematic Review about Covid-19 Sequalae and Syndrome

Shifa Sheikh, Sonal Gupta, G. D. Dahikar

A new type of coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; SARS-CoV-2) that has began in Wuhan, China in late 2019 has grasped the whole world. Since then, there are approximately 2.59 million deaths has been caused by Covid-19. After numerous attempts and hard work from healthcare system, this deadly virus is in control by using vaccines like Covaxin and Covishield. But new problems are emerging even after the  discovery of vaccines. Patients have been experiencing various health problems after recovering from Covid-19. This review article discussed about different sequalae and syndromes that are emerging in patients after postcovid recovery.

Covid-19SequalaeSyndromePostrecovery symptoms.
324,610 views
97,529 downloads
DOI:
10.46624/ajptr.2021.v11.i4.001

Contributors:

 Shifa Sheikh
,
 Sonal Gupta
,
 G. D. Dahikar
Research PaperID: AJPTR114002

Study of Drug Use Evaluation and Bleeding Risk of Anticoagulants by Has-Bled In Geriatrics

Angela Mariam Reji, Christy Anna Abraham, Nancy Antony, Rupa Vijaya Kumar, Mrs. Lincy George, K. Krishnakumar

Anticoagulant therapy being the most conventional form of therapeutic intervention is the cornerstone for the treatment and prevention of various ailments including Atrial Fibrillation (AF), Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) and patients undertaking cardiac procedures1. Bleeding is the principal complication of anticoagulants even though used within its therapeutic limit. An innovative tool HAS-BLED score come up with the assessment of bleeding risk among patients under anticoagulant therapy supporting the physicians in a better clinical decision making2,3. The objective is to evaluate drug use and bleeding risk of anticoagulant drugs using HAS-BLED Score among geriatric patients. A prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital among hundred patients for a period of six months. It was found that 61% were males and 49% were females. Most of the patients were from the age group of 65-70 (53%), 71-75 (31%) and least less than 75 (16%). The most commonly prescribed dosage form was parenteral (79%) and drug was heparin (52%). The bleeding risk of twenty patients taking warfarin was assessed using HAS- BLED Score, the risk categories shows greater than or equal to 3 (60%) high risk and score between 1-2 (40%) moderate risk. Drug use pattern of anticoagulants needs uninterrupted and repeated surveillance not only to discern therapeutic efficacy but also to scrutinize potential adverse drug reaction. From the HAS-BLED score distribution of patients taking warfarin conveys the need to monitor the parameters especially INR before and after initiation of anticoagulant therapy.

Drug Use EvaluationAnticoagulant TherapyHAS-BLED ScoreAtrial FibrillationBleeding RiskWarfarin
324,880 views
97,528 downloads
DOI:
10.46624/ajptr.2021.v11.i4.002

Contributors:

 Angela Mariam Reji
,
 Christy Anna Abraham
,
 Nancy Antony
,
 Rupa Vijaya Kumar
,
 Mrs. Lincy George
,
 K. Krishnakumar
Research PaperID: AJPTR114003

Phytochemical and Biological Investigation of Nephrolepis biserrata, a Fern Variety From Côte D’Ivoire

Kadja Amani Brice, Atsain-Allangba Marie Rosine, Oula-Bi Kouadjo Firmin, Mamyrbékova-Békro Janat Akhanovna, Békro Yves-Alain

This research work was carried out on the species Nephrolepis biserrata (Sw.) Schott (Nephrolepidaceae), a fern from Côte d’Ivoire with the aim of establishing its phytochemical, antioxidant and biological profile. The results obtained from the phytochemical screening show that said species contains alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, polyphenols, sterols, terpenes, and tannins. The antioxidant activity was evaluated spectrophotometrically against the DPPH radical in comparison with that of vitamin C. The determination of the antibacterial parameters indicates that N. biserrata doesn’t exhibit any bactericidal action against the bacterial strains tested. Regarding the vermicidal activity against earthworms, decocts of N. biserrata showed an anthelmintic effect, which however remains less pronounced than that of albendazole, the anthelmintic antiparasitic taken as a reference.

Nephrolepis biserrataphytochemical screeningantioxidantantibacterialvermicide.
325,035 views
97,577 downloads
DOI:
10.46624/ajptr.2021.v11.i4.003

Contributors:

 Kadja Amani Brice
,
 Atsain-Allangba Marie Rosine
,
 Oula-Bi Kouadjo Firmin
,
 Mamyrbékova-Békro Janat Akhanovna
,
 Békro Yves-Alain
Research PaperID: AJPTR114004

Case Report On Hepatorenal Syndrome

Rose Mol Joy, Teena Thariyan, Lincy George, Happy Thomas

Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a potentially reversible renal impairment where the kidney function is stopped due to renal vasoconstriction resulting from extreme vasodilation. This case report describes a 64 year old female with Decompensated Chronic Liver Disease. Her clinical history and physical findings shows a decreased renal function secondary to chronic liver disease and was later diagnosed as HRS. HRS can be managed effectively with Terlipressin, Midodrine, Albumin. Such combination therapy at the early stage of diagnosis can prevent further complications.

HRSCLDAlbuminTerlipressinMidodrine.
325,210 views
97,496 downloads
DOI:
10.46624/ajptr.2021.v11.i4.004

Contributors:

 Rose Mol Joy
,
 Teena Thariyan
,
 Lincy George
,
 Happy Thomas
Research PaperID: AJPTR114005

Progress and Development in Treatment of Covid – 19, and Vaccine development: A Review

Vijay P. Sonar, Priyanka V Dalvi, Shailesh S. Chalikwar

The entire world is facing a worst situation of pandemic ever. It’s been more than 18 months after the initial reports on Covid from China, and the pandemic is still going.  As per the data available over the WHO website as of 23 June 2021, there have been 178,837,204 confirmed cases of COVID-19, including 3,880,450 deaths, reported to WHO. As of 21 June 2021, a total of 2,414,347,324 vaccine doses have been administered. Despite of having more than 15 vaccines for Covid-19; the challenge to treat a patient with a define line of treatment remains the same. In the present review we have made an attempt to summarize the various medicines which are being used by medical practitioner in India and overseas. Use of different drug molecules like Remdesivir, Tocilzumab, Hydroxychloroquine, Azithromycine, Ivermectin, Steroids, Doxicycline, Ecosprine, Low molecular weight Heparin, Lopinavir and Ritonavir, Nitazoxanide, Baricitinib etc. were highlighted; although the list is long. A focus is made on the different types of vaccines available till date and their status in various countries.

Covid-19VaccineAntiviralPandemicAntibiotics.
325,312 views
97,506 downloads
DOI:
10.46624/ajptr.2021.v11.i4.005

Contributors:

 Vijay P. Sonar
,
 Priyanka V Dalvi
,
 Shailesh S. Chalikwar
Research PaperID: AJPTR114006

Design, Development and Evaluation Of Anti-Hypertensive Drug Solid Lipid Nano Particles

Chethan R, Ashok kumar P?, Manjunath K, Girisha G R

Recently, solid lipid Nano-particles have received much attention by the researchers owing to its biodegradability, biocompatibility and the ability to deliver a wide range of drugs. The aim of the present study was to design Diltiazem solid lipid Nano-particles and to evaluate them. Diltiazem solid lipid Nano-particles were prepared by hot homogenization technique using different lipids (Tristearin, GMS and Comprital), soy lecithin as stabilizers and tween 80, Poloxamer as surfactants. The Nano-particles were evaluated for particle size & PDI, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release. The particle size ranged from 49.7 to 523.7 nm. PDI of all formulations were good within the range of 0.189 to 0.427. The zeta potential ranged from -10.5 to -29.6 Mv, Entrapment efficiency of all formulations were observed was in the range of 78.68 to 95.23 %. The cumulative percentage release of Diltiazem from different Diltiazem Nano-particles varied from 53.36 to 88.74% depending upon the drug lipid ratio and the type of lipid used. The average percentage of drug released from different SLNs after 24 hours showed in the following order: F9 (53.35%) < F6 (56.75%) < F4 (61.74%) < F7 (63.8%) < F5(67.77%) < F8(69.04%) < F3(75.31%) < F1(79.36%)

Diltiazemsolid lipid Nano-particlesFTIRin vitro drug release
325,145 views
97,726 downloads
DOI:
10.46624/ajptr.2021.v11.i4.006

Contributors:

 Chethan R
,
 Ashok kumar P?
,
 Manjunath K
,
 Girisha G R
Research PaperID: AJPTR114007

Development and Evaluation of Floating Sustained Release Bilayer Tablets Containing Dothiepin HCl

Girisha. G R, Ashok Kumar, Suresh V. Kulkarni, Manjunath K

Bilayer floating tablets of Dothiepin HCL were developed by direct compression method. Immediate release layer contains 30 mg of drug and super disintegrant sodium starch glycolate, serves the purpose of loading dose. Sustained release layer contained HPMC K4M, natural polymers like xanthan gum, guar gum, karaya gum release the drug for 12 hours’ time. Sodium bicarbonate and citric acid are used to produce effervescence. Floating lag time of optimized tablet is 92 sec, whereas floating duration is more than 12 hours. FTIR results revealed that there was no interaction between drug and HPMC K4M / xanthan gum. The post compression parameters of developed tablets were found to be satisfactory. In this study, it was confirmed that the formulations containing HPMC K4M, have shown better floating properties and finally the formulation containing a combination of HPMC K4M and xanthan gum in 3:1 ratio, has exhibited decent sustained drug release properties. The release kinetics of optimized formulation prepared with the combination of HPMC K4M and xanthan gum followed zero order kinetics.

Floating Bilayer TabletDothiepin HCLHPMC K4MXanthan GumFTIR.
325,453 views
97,601 downloads
DOI:
10.46624/ajptr.2021.v11.i4.007

Contributors:

 Girisha. G R
,
 Ashok Kumar
,
 Suresh V. Kulkarni
,
 Manjunath K

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