Veda Sai Sri Gopalam

Mitral valve prolapse is a valvular heart disease which results from the systolic movement of abnormally thickened mitral valve leaflets into left atrium during left ventricular systole. MVP refers to expansion of area of mitral valve leaflets with elongated chordae tendineae or rupture of chordae and mitral annular dilation. Rupture of chordae may be associated with heritable syndromes of connective tissue disorders. It usually inherited either through the autosomal dominant gene or chromosome X, which is less common compared to the former. MVP may lead to either progressive MVR or stimulate autonomic nervous system or neurohumoral activation. The former is termed as MVP and later is termed as “Floppy valve syndrome”. Symptoms of FVS include palpitations, dyspnea, chest pain, and neuropsychiatry symptom. Complications of FMV include infective endocarditis, Thromboembolic complications, systolic arterial hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias or cardiac death. Initially pharmacological agents are used as first line therapy. When severe mitral regurgitation is present in asymptomatic patient with FMV/MVP surgical intervention such as valve repair or valve replacement is recommended.