Shripathy D

Oral route has been considered as most convenient route but restricted to only hydrophilic compounds having GI stability and greater dissolution. The delivery of lipophilic compounds has been area of interest since most of the drugs under discovery shows limited bioavailability. Self-emulsifying delivery systems (SMEDDS) has drawn a greater attention in the formulation of poorly soluble compounds where increase in the absorption and permeation of the drug has observed. The self-emulsification which occurs in the case of SMEDDS has shown a potential advantage over conventional emulsion due to the fine globules formed upon dilution. The recent trends such as dry emulsion, s-SMEDDS, SNEDDS thoroughly investigated. This article, attempts to present the overview of the SMEDDS along with its formulation, application and characterization.

In the present investigation an attempt has been made to prepare and evaluate medicated lollipop of mebendazole. One of the major health problems faced by hundreds of millions of school-age children is infection by helminths, more commonly known as worms. Mebendazole is used as a broad-spectrum anthelmintic. The conventional dosage forms like tablets, capsules, syrups etc are inconvenient for paediatric patients because of difficult to swallow tablets and capsules or unpleasant taste of drug. As a result, the demand for developing new technologies has been increasing day by day. Lollipops or lozenges are flavored medicated dosage forms intended to be sucked and held in the mouth or pharynx containing one or more medicaments usually in the sweetened base. Medicated lollipop is designed to improve patient compliance, acceptability and increase oral retention time. The lollipops were prepared by heating and congealing method using methylcellulose as polymer. Drug-excipient compatibility study was carried out using FT-IR. All the formulations were subjected to various physicochemical evaluations like weight variation, hardness, drug content, friability etc. The in-vitro dissolution study of F0 was found to be 96.14% at 15min whereas F1 was found to be 99.33% at 25min. Stability study was carried out as per ICH-Guidelines (Q1A) at 30oC and 65% RH. From the present study it can be concluded that addition of hydrophilic polymers yield good result to prolong oral retention time of lollipop. Medicated lollipop can provide an attractive alternative formulation in the treatment of paediatric patients.

The present investigation focuses on the Optimization and formulation of medicated nail lacquer containing Fluconazole for transungual drug delivery system using ethyl cellulose as polymer and two different penetration enhancers. Fluconazole is a tri azole antifungal drug having broad spectrum activity. It acts by inhibiting 14 – α demethylase, a cytochrome P450 enzyme which converts lanosterol to ergosterol. Ergosterol inhibition causes increase in permeability of cellular membrane of fungi and hence leakage of cellular components. In present study Formulations were designed according by the design expert software 8.0.7.1 and the central composite design was selected for designing of experiments. The prepared formulations were evaluated for the different parameters such as drying time, smoothness of flow, gloss, water resistance, non – volatile content, drug content, in – vitro diffusion studies, in – vitro permeation studies, drug release kinetic studies. By applying the available information from the evaluation of nail lacquer 35 optimized formulations were obtained and out of which three were selected for further studies. Three optimized products were subjected to different evaluation parameters, drug release kinetics, anti – fungal testing and stability studies. Key words: transungual drug delivery, Fluconazole, optimization, penetration enhancers, in – vitro permeation studies, ethyl cellulose.

Gastro retentive drug delivery is an approach to prolong gastric residence time, thereby targeting site-specific drug release in the upper gastro intestinal tract (GIT) for local and systemic effect. The present study has been a satisfactory attempt to formulate floating drug delivery system of Valacyclovir, an orally administrated antiviral drug with a view of improving its oral bioavailability and giving sustained release of the drug. In present study design expert trial 8.0.6.1 software is used for designing of experiment. In central composite design based on response surface methodology yielded nine experimental runs. These nine formulations are evaluated for precompressional parameters like bulk density, tapped density, angle of repose and carr’s index. Formulations are also evaluated for postcompressional parameters like hardness, thickness, weight variation etc. all the formulations shows results in the acceptable range. All preliminary formulations are subjected to invitrobouyancy and dissolution study. The data obtained from the in vitro release study was fit to various kinetic models to explain the release profile of the drug. Kinetic models used were zero and first-order equations, Krosmeyersand peppas and Higuchi models. Based on results obtained from the prelimimary formulations five optimized formulations are selected and validated. Short-term stability study was done for optimized formulations.

Dental implant is a pharmaceutical device in the form of strip with very small loading and size of 0.25 sq cm. For site-specific one-time continuous delivery of Gatifloxacin an antimicrobial compound with excellent activity against anaerobic micro-organism in the treatment of periodontal disease was prepared by solvent casting technique using ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose K4M and Eudragit RL-100 with dibutylphthalate as plasticizer. The physicochemical parameters like thickness, weight variation, content uniformity and release characteristics were evaluated The drug release was initially high on day one to achieve immediate therapeutic level of drug in pocket, followed by marked fall in release by day two, and progressive moderate release profile to maintain therapeutic level following anomalous transport mechanism. Formulation F6 released 97.34% of drug at the end of 144 h and was considered as best formulation. In vitro antibacterial activity was carried out on Streptococcus mutans .