Manzar Alam

The distribution of resistance to ampicillin, penicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline, and amoxicillin among Gram negative bacteria in the hospital wastewater samples was investigated. The emergence of resistance among the Gram negative bacterial population varied considerably in different drug and water sampling sites. Gram negative bacteria showed lower drug resistant viable count (1.23x104-7.0x102) in site-II (receiving treated wastewater), as compared to more polluted site-I (1.28x104-5.0x102), III (2.22x104-5.0x102) and site-IV (1.63 x104-2.0 x102) respectively. Viable counts of Gram negative bacterial population were recorded higher against erythromycin from sampling site-III. Lower viable counts of Gram negative bacteria were recorded against tetracycline in site-I and IV. Percentage MIC of antibiotic among the isolates observed higher in tetracycline and erythromycin than the other antibiotics. Isolates of Gram negative bacteria showed their tolerance level (MIC) in the range of 2.5-640μg/ml against the antibiotics. Maximum number of isolates exhibited their MICs at lower concentration range 2.5-5μg/ml against tetracycline. A few number of isolates also showed their MIC at lower concentration of other antibiotics tested from all the sampling sites.

The ground water is one of the major component to be environmentally protected. It is still neglected to some extent and is not given much consideration in the existing environment protection legislation in most of the developing nations. An important issue for the benefit of society is to find out the extent of impurity of water due to the pathogenic infections in the potable upper level ground water resource which is being consumed by the millions of habitants in the wide Himalayan foothill (plains) region of India. The region consists of alluvial flood effected plains with water table at shallow depth. This research paper pertains to investigation of pathogenic infections in potable first level water table at shallow depths. The samples were collected from the hand pumps of critically located village clusters in the region and tested during the pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon seasons of the year- 2011-2012. The tests for few common bacteria have been performed, e.g. -  E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and S. typhie. The results found are positive Research Highlight; A wide scope for further research does exist for the societal issue, by  investigating complete range of pathogens in the similar geological structure/topography existing anywhere in world to solve health related problems. Also to check suffering and mortality due to water borne diseases and measures to protect and isolate the ground water pollution..