Madavi Kishorkumar Patru

Now a days due to modern lifestyle which result in irregular bowel habits due to which the number of Guda (annorectal) diseases are increasing parikartika i.e. fissure and. bhagandhar is such a type of Guda (annorectal) diseases. Guda is the vital part of human body. According to charaka mula (base) of the body is guda. Siras are situated in Guda and Murdha (sharira) are based on Guda. Acharyas has described guda as a sadhyapranhara marama and Mansmmarma type of marma. Any trauma to this marma leads to sudden death like situation or death in seven days. According to yogshastra Guda is the seat of Muladhar Chakra on which all the chakras are dependent.  So these fact confirm the statements of sushrutacharya. Vagbhata included Guda in Dhamni marma In the Utpatti (embryogenesis) of Guda it is counted in Matruja avayava because of Mrudutva by different Acharyas. Guda is the mulsthana of purishavaha strotasa, so its vikruti leads to vikruti of whole strotasa.Almost all the samhitas has stated vallies as vali, Ashtangasangraha, Madhava nidana, Bhavaprakasha all has explained this Trivali structure of guda.Charakacharya explained guda in two as utterguda an Adharguda while stating Koshtangas Chakrapani has given the function of utterguda as storage and Adharguda as excretion of mala ( Faeces) In Ayurveda guda described as very important organ and various description were found. All these details are scattered throughout the classical text. Keeping in view of ancient Acharyas it becomes important to understand the complete Anatomy of the Guda which may be interpreted to come out with higher and more scientific knowledge which will be very helpful and more practically useful to our student, practitioner and academicians.  Objective of the study is literary review of Guda Sharira with correlation of anatomical features in detailed description of Guda is mentioned in many Ayurvedic text. Therefore it is necessary the study review of Guda sharir is important.   

Shakhas are important part of the body as they form a part of karmendriyas and the main angas among the sakhas. In ayurved the structure sira is of vital importance, we can see elaborate description about the siras in various classical texts .There are difference in the opinion regarding siras  in different classics. Rakta mokshana is a treatment modality which covers half of shalya treatment of basti in kaya chikitsa Being physicians it is important to know about the siras which are not to be punctured which conducting various surgical procedure to complications. So the study of Avedhya Sira is of importance .There are 700 siras.Among these  98 siras are avedhya. In sakhas  there  4 siras are avedhya 1  Jaldhara  1 urvi 2 Lohitaksha.  Urvi and lohitaksha abhyantara siras while jaladhara is a bahya sira  as the study is undertaken on upper limb the siras can be renamed as Jaldhara 1 Bahvi 1 Lohitaksha. The Classification of blood vessels are based on different criteria in Ayurveda and contemporary science so it is difficult for the exact correlation of sira for, dhamanis or other vessels with vacant space inside to any particular structure such as vein or artery .This study  a” is aimed to identify the Sirās mentioned in avedhya sira sakha of  with comparison to the blood vessels of the extremity .