Lalit Sharma

Chirality in drug action is getting greater attention in medical practice these days, as two enantiomers of a chiral drug may differ in their bioavailability, rate of metabolism, excretion, potency and selectively for a particular receptor in the body. The drug in the form recemates, consisting of an equimolar mixture of two enantiomers, generally causes side effects in the body, because one of the isomer is active while other is not. About more than half of the drugs currently in use are chiral compounds and nearly 90% are marketed as recemates. Chiral separation is one of the methods to separate two isomers of racemic compound. In an new approach, we synthesized a novel carbohydrate derived gemini surfactants and explore them for encapsulation of some poorly water soluble drugs and chiral recognition of some aromatic α-amino acids, these gemini surfactants can be used to chiral recognition of isomers of chiral drugs.

Insulin remains indispensable in the management of diabetes mellitus since its discovery in 1921. Relatively, a large percentage of world population is affected by diabetes mellitus. In today's era; insulin delivery by alternative route is an area of current interest in the design of drug delivery system. Most of the global pharmaceutical companies are showing encouraging progress in their attempts to develop alternative insulin delivery technologies. For most patients with type 1 diabetes, the tedious part of the treatment is to tolerate needle after needle, both for glucose measurement and to deliver insulin. The introduction of insulin therapy years ago has saved the lives of millions of patients with diabetes. It is growing increase in the percentage of population having diabetes mellitus due to hereditary and environmental factor.  Needle-free insulin delivery appeared to be astonishing approach and its allure rested in being comfortable and safe. The document present here encompass, in brief, the emerging technologies and discoveries that are in pipeline, including insulin inhalers, implantable insulin pumps, insulin spray, smart cells, insulin pill, insulin complement, islet cell transplant, insulin nano pump and the other promising advances in safe and comfortable insulin delivery. Therefore it will be a tripartite task for the researcher, health authorities and community pharmacist to foster the long term safety profile and to provide comfortable insulin delivery.