Gunjan

Emerging antibiotic resistance is a major global public health challenge. At the same time, untreated infections are one of the main causes of surgical mortality in low- and middle-income countries. Surgical site infections are most common type of infections among worldwide. Almost 30-50% of antimicrobials are used as prophylaxis in hospital care setting.  However, between 40-90% of this prophylaxis is inappropriate because the antimicrobials were given at wrong time or given for long time. Choosing antimicrobials for prophylaxis is based on some factors, antimicrobial regimen, dose, route, time of administration. The right time for administration of prophylaxis dose is within 30-60 minutes before surgical incision. This is the most appropriate time for most of the preoperative surgical cases. Surgical prophylaxis is an effective treatment approach for minimizing post-surgical infections. Moreover, Antimicrobial prophylaxis should be restricted to specific, proper indications to avoid unnecessary medical expenses, side effects, and antimicrobial resistance.

Primaquine phosphate, 8-[(4-amino-1-methyl butyl)amino]-6-metoxyquinoline phosphate, a synthetic compound with potent antimalarial activity and clinical use for treatment of relapses of Plasmodium vivax infections. The drug is usually oral administered for 7-14 consecutive days to achieve radical cure and is known to produce adverse side-effect including gastrointestinal distress, nausea and methaemoglobinemia with cyanosis.  In transdermal drug delivery system provide benefits over the oral administration. It is an alternative drug delivery system, in recent years, high patient acceptance in many clinical conditions and the advantages of delivering drugs across the skin for systemic circulation.  Fabrication and Evaluation of matrix type Transdermal Patches of Primaquine Phosphate with different ratio of eudragit-L100 and S-100 combination by the solvent evaporation technique. All the patches have been evaluated for their Physiochemical properties was studied by infrared Spectroscopy. Formulation F1 was found best among the all formulation. Hence F1 formulation was used to incorporate penetration enhancer labrafac™ PD, labrefil® 1944CS and lauroglucol™ FCC. By using this three penetration enhancer nine formulation L1 to L9 was fabricated to increasing volume of 0.5ml, 1.0ml, 1.5 ml. All the formulation was tested for thickness, weight variation, folding endurance, surface pH, moisture content and %drug content. L6 was showing maximum drug content and folding endurance. The in-vitro release study was carried out with Shimadzu HPLC system. L6 formulation showed the best release.