Ghanashyam Chaudhari

Quality by design is a standout amongst the most techniques which go about as a piece of current methodology to pharmaceutical industry. This paper gives thought regarding the Pharmaceutical Quality by Design (Qbd) and depicts utilization of Quality by design to guarantee quality of pharmaceuticals. The idea advances industry's understanding of the product and manufacturing process with product development, fundamentally constructing quality in, not testing it. It incorporates the Quality Target product profile ,critical quality attributes and key parts of Quality by Design .It likewise gives examination between product quality by end testing and product Quality by Quality by Design. The establishment of Quality by Design is ICH Guidelines. It is focused around ICH Guideline Q8 for pharmaceutical development, Q9 for quality risk management, Q10 for pharmaceutical quality system. It additionally gives application of Quality by Design in pharmaceutical development and manufacturing of pharmaceuticals.

In targeted drug delivery to specific sites is significant problem which is being faced by many researchers. The development of new and complex molecules nanosponges have potential to solve these problem. Nanosponges are tiny sponges with a size of about a virus. Which can be filled with a wide variety of drugs and complex molecules. These tiny sponges can circulate around the body until they encounter the specific target site and stick on the surface and begin to release the drugs in a controlled and predictable manner. Because nanosponges play a vital role in targeting drug delivery in a controlled released rate. Nanosponges is a novel and emerging technology which offers targeted and controlled drug delivery for topical as well as oral use. A large variety of substances or drugs can be encapsulated in to the wide cavities of nanosponges. Another important features of these nanosponges is their water soluble. The nanosponges carrying both lipophilic and hydrophilic substances and mostly improving the solubility of poorly water soluble drugs. In this review article application of nanosponges, method of preparation, evaluation parameter and added recent patent have been discussed.

This review gives concise information about physico-chemical properties, synthetic strategies, characterization and possible application of Dendrimers in drug delivery. Dendrimers also known as arborols. They are radially symmetric molecules having nano size with well-defined, homogeneous and monodisperse structure consisting of tree-like arms or branches. Due to their unique architecture these have improved physical and chemical properties. They are having terminal groups, due to which these show high solubility, miscibility and reactivity. The major applications of Dendrimers are: Gene and oligonucleotide delivery, Targeting of anticancer chemotherapy. Their compatibility with DNA, heparin and polyanions make them more versatile.

Microsphere is a carrier system for delivery of therapeutic candidate. Nasal microspheres offers significant advantages over other type of drug delivery system. It modulates absorption characteristics of the drug by enhancing drug residence time in the nasal cavity and subsequently may increase bioavailability profile of administered drug. Prior to formulation some physicochemical properties of drug are need to be considered like molecular weight, solubility, pKa and partition coefficient of drug etc. Till date various methods have been adopted for fabrication of nasal microspheres are like spray drying, emulsion crosslinking, Solvent Evaporation etc. Obtained microspheres can characterized for various properties like its morphology, drug content, and zeta potential etc. Present  review mainly focuses on overview of microsphere technology for nasal administration of drug.