Bhalekar Rohini V

The main aim of this review article is to introduce the basic concepts of drug targeting as they have evolved over previous decades. The most important chemical features and biological behavioral characteristics of the carrier molecules exploited for drug targeting purposes will be addressed. Targeted drug delivery is also known as smart drug delivery. This is self-contained, discrete dosage form which is applied to intact skin, at a controlled rate to the systemic circulation. In this system medicament given to a patient in a manner that increases the concentration of the medication in some parts of the body relative to others. System involves nanoparticles-mediated drug delivery in order to reduce drawback of conventional drug delivery. Active and passive targeting are two types of methods used for targeted drug delivery. Targeted drug delivery has some side advantages like reduces side effects, avoid hepatic first pass metabolism, enhance drug absorption, dose is less as compare to conventional drug delivery, reduced fluctuation in circulating drug levels etc. Brain targeted drug delivery system and tumor targeted drug delivery system are most widely used. Many drug carriers are used in this advanced drug delivery system are lipoprotein, liposome, micelles and immune micelles. The goal of targeted drug delivery system is to prolong, localize, target and have a protected drug interaction with disease tissues.