Coexistence of Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension - A Review

Diabetes mellitus and Hypertension are a common disease that is suffered by a huge percentage of total population. The coexistence of these two diseases is at a greater frequency than alone. Hypertension in the diabetic individual potently increases the risk and accelerates the risk of cardiac disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, nephropathy and retinopathy. The management of both this disease is equally important and the reduction in cholesterol level have significant role in preventing diabetic complication. Diabetic associated diseases like nephropathy also lead to the development of hypertension particularly in type I diabetic patient. The coexistence of hypertension in both type I and type II diabetic patients can lead to be increased peripheral vascular resistance and the exchangeable sodium ion can be a reason for hypertension in diabetics. The insulin resistance or hyperinsulinemia or elevated insulin can be one of the major pathogenesis of hypertension. In the present study we have reviewed the various literatures related to the coexistence of to life threatening disease that is hypertension and diabetic and it was observed that these two diseases are most commonly associated in a person. Thus there should be some modified treatment procedures for this kind of life threatening associated diseases.